Lethal and sub‐lethal effects of ivermectin on north temperate dung beetles,<i>Aphodius ater</i>and<i>Aphodius rufipes</i>(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

O’Hea, Norma M.; Kirwan, Laura; Giller, Paul S.; Finn, John A.

doi:10.1111/j.1752-4598.2009.00068.x

Cited by 24 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…A third source of underestimation arises when the sublethal effects of residue exposure are not considered. Consideration of these effects was beyond the scope of the present study, but they have been documented by others (Floate & Fox, 1999;Kruger & Scholtz, 1997;Martínez et al, 2017;O'Hea et al, 2010;Pérez-Cogollo et al, 2015;Rosales et al, 2012;Sommer et al, 1993;Strong, 1989). Wardhaugh and Rodriguez-Mendez (1988) reported reduced egg-laying by the dung beetle Copris hispanus feeding in dung from cattle treated 3 days previously with ivermectin.…”

Section: Underestimates Of Residue Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 51%

Season‐Long Simplification of Insect Communities in Dung From Cattle Treated With an Extended‐Release Formulation of the Parasiticide Eprinomectin

Backmeyer

Goater

Challis

et al. 2023

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Cattle treated with LongRange®, an injectable formulation of the parasiticide eprinomectin, fecally excrete insecticidal residues for an extended period post application. We examined the nontarget effect of these residues by comparing insect communities developing in dung of untreated cattle (week 0) with those developing in dung of cattle treated 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 or 25 weeks previously. Chemical analyses of dung showed that eprinomectin concentrations peaked at 1 week post application and were still detectable at 25 weeks. Results from two separate experiments showed that dung of untreated cattle supported more total insects (beetles, flies, parasitoid wasps) and insect species than did dung of cattle treated for ≤12 weeks (Experiment 1) and ≤25 weeks (Experiment 2) previously. For the two experiments, an effect of residue on individual taxa was either not detected (nine cases) or was determined to suppress insect development in dung of cattle treated for 8–12 weeks (two cases), 12–16 weeks (three cases), 16–20 weeks (two cases), or 24 or 25 weeks (six cases) previously. Flies and their parasitoid wasps were particularly sensitive to residues with suppression often at or near 100%. These results show that cattle treated with LongRange in spring will fecally excrete residues for the entire grazing season with an associated simplification of the dung insect community. The effect of this simplification on the long‐term health on dung‐breeding populations of insects on pastures and dung degradation was not examined in the present study, but merits future research. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:684–697. © 2023 His Majesty the King in Right of Canada. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry © 2023 SETAC. Reproduced with the permission of the Minister of Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada.

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Section: Underestimates Of Residue Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 51%

Season‐Long Simplification of Insect Communities in Dung From Cattle Treated With an Extended‐Release Formulation of the Parasiticide Eprinomectin

Backmeyer

Goater

Challis

et al. 2023

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Once in the environment, anthelmintic drugs may also undergo further degradation to transformation products (Horvat et al., 2012). The major concern is the effect of these products on nontarget organisms, including terrestrial invertebrates, such as dung beetles (Jacobs & Scholtz, 2015; O'hea et al., 2010) and aquatic animals (Liebig et al., 2010; Sanderson et al., 2007). A summary of the known ecotoxic effects of the commonly used equine anthelmintics is shown in Table 1.…”

Section: The Environmental Impact Of Endoparasiticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts of equine parasiticide treatment: The UK perspective

Haseler,

Shrubb,

Davies

et al. 2024

Equine Veterinary Education

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SummaryWhile there are limited data on the environmental impact of administering equine parasiticide drugs, evidence from other species indicates significant negative ecological effects. Anthelmintic drugs are excreted unchanged or metabolised to other active and/or toxic metabolites that enter the environment through direct excretion. These chemicals can have significant toxic effects on insects, such as dung beetles, earthworms and aquatic animals. Of the frequently used equine anthelmintics, ivermectin is the most ecotoxic; available evidence indicates that moxidectin is less toxic and fenbendazole appears to have little impact on dung‐colonising insects but may be toxic to aquatic organisms and fungi. There are little data regarding the ecotoxicity of pyrantel and praziquantel, although their ecotoxic effects are thought to be low. Pasture hygiene reduces pharmaceutical contamination and also helps to break the endoparasitic cycle of infectivity, thus reducing reliance on anthelmintics. Judicious and targeted use of endoparasiticides, along with pasture hygiene measures, will limit the ecotoxic effects of these drugs as well as reduce the selection pressure that drives anthelmintic resistance. Anthelmintics may also negatively impact the equine gastrointestinal microbiota. Ectoparasiticides (such as fipronil, permethrin and cypermethrin) may also have significant negative ecological effects, with a risk of contamination of both the immediate environment and water courses following topical use of these drugs. The half‐life of fipronil in the environment is variable, but it degrades into compounds which are more toxic; for example, it is highly toxic to bees and is reported to bioaccumulate in fish and can be toxic to birds. Of the synthetic pyrethroids, permethrin degrades at a faster rate than cypermethrin and may therefore have a lower ecotoxic effect. The ecotoxic effects of injectable doramectin are likely to be similar to oral ivermectin, although persistence in faeces may be significantly prolonged compared to the oral treatment route for ivermectin.

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“…For instance, ivermectin is acutely toxic to crustaceans, with an LC 50 of low ng L −1 levels [9]. O’Hea et al [18] also highlighted the impact of ivermectin in the environment on dung beetle populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Optimisation of a Multiresidue Method for the Determination of 40 Anthelmintic Compounds in Environmental Water Samples by Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) with LC-MS/MS Detection

et al. 2019

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A comprehensive multiresidue method was developed and validated for the determination of 40 anthelmintic compounds, including 13 transformation products, in surface and groundwater samples at sub nanogram per litre (ng L−1) levels. Anthelmintic residues were extracted from unfiltered water samples using polymeric divinylbenzene solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges, and eluted with methanol: acetone (50:50, v/v). Purified extracts were concentrated, filtered and injected for UHPLC-MS/MS determination. The method recovery (at a concentration representative of realistic expected environmental water levels based on literature review) ranged from 83–113%. The method was validated, at three concentration levels, in accordance to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and SANTE/11813/2017 guidelines. Trueness and precision, under within-laboratory reproducibility conditions, ranged from 88–114% and 1.1–19.4%, respectively. The applicability of the method was assessed in a pilot study whereby 72 different surface and groundwater samples were collected and analysed for the determination of these 40 compounds for the first time in Ireland. This is the most comprehensive method available for the investigation of the occurrence of both anthelmintic parent compounds and their transformation products in raw, unfiltered environmental waters.

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Lethal and sub‐lethal effects of ivermectin on north temperate dung beetles,Aphodius aterandAphodius rufipes(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Cited by 24 publications

References 46 publications

Season‐Long Simplification of Insect Communities in Dung From Cattle Treated With an Extended‐Release Formulation of the Parasiticide Eprinomectin

Season‐Long Simplification of Insect Communities in Dung From Cattle Treated With an Extended‐Release Formulation of the Parasiticide Eprinomectin

Environmental impacts of equine parasiticide treatment: The UK perspective

Development and Optimisation of a Multiresidue Method for the Determination of 40 Anthelmintic Compounds in Environmental Water Samples by Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) with LC-MS/MS Detection

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