Leukocyte telomere length and cardiovascular disease in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Mwasongwe, Stanford; Gao, Yan; Griswold, Michael; Wilson, James G.; Aviv, Abraham; Reiner, Alexander P.; Raffield, Laura M.

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.09.016

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Coupled with findings of longer LTL in Hominidae (great apes) than humans ( 18 , 19 ), these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that LTL in ancestral humans was longer than in contemporary humans. Although SSAs have longer LTL than AAms and EAms ( 14 ), they share two important LTL-related features with non-Africans: a sex effect ( 4 , 5 , 20 , 21 ), which in non-Africans is already observed in newborns (no information is available at present on LTL in SSA newborns) ( 4 ), and a similar rate of age-dependent LTL shortening in adults ( 5 , 6 , 12 ), reflecting the systematic loss of telomere repeats with replications of hematopoietic stem cells/progenitor cells ( 22 , 23 ). The consistency of the sex and age associations with LTL across adult populations living in different environmental conditions indicates that LTL differences among ancestry groups are largely independent of adult age and sex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics and geography of leukocyte telomere length in sub-Saharan Africans

Hunt

Hansen

Verhulst

et al. 2020

Human Molecular Genetics

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Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) might be causal in cardiovascular disease and major cancers. To elucidate the roles of genetics and geography in LTL variability across humans, we compared LTL measured in 1295 sub-Saharan Africans (SSAs) with 559 African-Americans (AAms) and 2464 European-Americans (EAms). LTL differed significantly across SSAs (p = 0·003), with the San from Botswana (with the oldest genomic ancestry) having the longest LTL and populations from Ethiopia having the shortest LTL. SSAs had significantly longer LTL than AAms (p = 6·5e-16) whose LTL was significantly longer than EAms (p = 2·5e-7). Genetic variation in SSAs explained 52% of LTL variance versus 27% in AAms and 34% in EAms. Adjustment for genetic variation removed the LTL differences among SSAs. LTL genetic variation among SSAs, with the longest LTL in the San, supports the hypothesis that longer LTL was ancestral in humans. Identifying factors driving LTL variation in Africa may have important ramifications for LTL-associated diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics and geography of leukocyte telomere length in sub-Saharan Africans

Hunt

Hansen

Verhulst

et al. 2020

Human Molecular Genetics

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“…The present analysis was based on data from JHS, a single‐site prospective cohort study designed to investigate risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in AAs. From September 2000 to March 2004 (exam 1 clinic visit), JHS enrolled 5306 AAs aged 21‐94 years from the Jackson, Mississippi tricounty metropolitan area (Hinds, Madison, and Rankin) . After completing exam 1 clinic visit, participants returned for 2 additional visits, exam 2 (October 2005 to December 2008) and exam 3 (February 2009 to January 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of uric acid level to rapid kidney function decline and development of kidney disease: The Jackson Heart Study

Mwasongwe

Fülöp

Katz

et al. 2018

J of Clinical Hypertension

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Whether elevated uric acid (UA) is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not well established. The authors evaluated the relationship of UA with rapid kidney function decline (RKFD) and incident CKD among 3702 African Americans (AAs) in the Jackson Heart Study with serum UA levels measured at baseline exam (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004). RKFD was defined as ≥ 30% eGFR loss and incident CKD as development of eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 with a ≥ 25% decline in eGFR between baseline and exam 3 (2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013). RKFD and CKD were found in 11.4% and 7.5% of the participants, respectively. In a fully adjusted model, the odds of RKFD (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.25-2.49) and incident CKD (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.31-3.06) were significantly higher among participants in the top UA quartile vs bottom quartile. In the JHS, elevated UA was significantly associated with RKFD and incident CKD.

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“…Briefly, the JHS enrolled 5306 participants from four groups in the community: participants enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (31%), randomly selected community-dwelling adults (17%), family members of the participants (22%) and volunteers (30%). Recruitment was restricted to adults 35–84 years old except for family members where those at least 21 years old were eligible for enrollment [17]. Different age criteria were employed for the recruitment of family members to facilitate a JHS Family Study, which was designed to identify genes influencing the risk factors for heart, lung and blood disorders.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masked hypertension and kidney function decline

Mwasongwe

Min

Booth

et al. 2018

Journal of Hypertension

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Background Hypertension diagnosed by blood pressure (BP) measured in the clinic is associated with rapid kidney function decline (RKFD) and incident chronic kidney disease (CKD). The extent to which hypertension defined using out-of-clinic BP measurements is associated with these outcomes is unclear. Methods We evaluated the association of any masked hypertension (daytime SBP/DBP ≥ 135/85 mmHg, night-time SBP/DBP ≥ 120/70 mmHg or 24-h SBP/DBP ≥ 130/80 mmHg) with RKFD and incident CKD among 676 African-Americans in the Jackson Heart Study with clinic-measured SBP/DBP less than 140/90 mmHg who completed ambulatory BP monitoring in 2000–2004. RKFD was defined as a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at least 30% and incident CKD was defined as development of eGFR less than 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 with an at least 25% decline in eGFR between 2000–2004 and 2009–2013. Results The mean age of participants was 57.6 years, 28.8% were men and 52.7% had any masked hypertension. After a median follow-up of 8 years, 13.8 and 8.6% of participants had RKFD and incident CKD, respectively. In unadjusted analyses, masked hypertension was associated with an increased odds for incident CKD [odds ratio (OR) 2.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22, 3.97]. This association remained statistically significant after adjustment for demographic characteristics, baseline eGFR and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.04, 3.67) but was eliminated after propensity score adjustment (OR 1.62, 95% CI 0.87, 3.00). There was no association between masked hypertension and RKFD. Conclusion Masked hypertension may be associated with the development of CKD in African-Americans.

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Leukocyte telomere length and cardiovascular disease in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Cited by 36 publications

References 54 publications

Genetics and geography of leukocyte telomere length in sub-Saharan Africans

Genetics and geography of leukocyte telomere length in sub-Saharan Africans

Relation of uric acid level to rapid kidney function decline and development of kidney disease: The Jackson Heart Study

Masked hypertension and kidney function decline

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