Levulinic acid upgrade to succinic acid with hydrogen peroxide

Carnevali, Davide; Rigamonti, Marco G.; Tabanelli, Tommaso; Patience, Gregory S.; Cavani, Fabrizio

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2018.06.034

Cited by 39 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Under optimized conditions (90°C, 6 h), 48 % conversion of LA was achieved with 75 % selectivity toward SA. [58] A series of solid acid catalysts were prepared by functionalizing graphene-oxide (GO) and multiwall carbon nanotube oxide (MWCNTO) with triflic and sulfonic acids affording a triflate-functionalized graphene oxide (GO@SO 3 CF 3 ) and a sulfonated MWCNT (À CNTÀ SO 3 H). The synthesized catalysts were used for the oxidation of LA to SA using molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant.…”

Section: La To Succinic Acid (Sa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…described H 2 WO 4 ‐catalyzed oxidation of LA by aqueous H 2 O 2 . Under optimized conditions (90 °C, 6 h), 48 % conversion of LA was achieved with 75 % selectivity toward SA [58] . A series of solid acid catalysts were prepared by functionalizing graphene‐oxide (GO) and multiwall carbon nanotube oxide (MWCNTO) with triflic and sulfonic acids affording a triflate‐functionalized graphene oxide (GO@SO 3 CF 3 ) and a sulfonated MWCNT (−CNT−SO 3 H).…”

Section: Derivatization Of La Involving C−c Bond Cleavage Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in the Value Addition of Biomass‐Derived Levulinic Acid: A Review Focusing on its Chemical Reactivity Patterns

Dutta

Bhat

2021

ChemCatChem

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Levulinic acid (LA) is one of the most prominent biomass‐derived chemical building blocks that can be transformed into specialty chemicals like fuels, solvents, monomers for polymers, plasticizers, surfactants, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Over the past three decades, an enormous amount of research data have been acquired on the preparation and downstream value addition of LA, and these works have been reviewed. However, considering the astonishing number of publications appearing every year on LA derivatives, the periodical review of recent works focusing on unique aspects of chemistry must be undertaken to critically evaluate the achievements to date, reassess the challenges, and recognize new opportunities. This review discusses the chemical‐catalytic synthesis of various derivatives of LA by focusing on its functionalities and reactivity patterns. Recent literature on some crucial derivatives such as γ‐valerolactone, 4,4’‐diphenolic acid, and ethyl levulinate have been tabulated and discussed. The synthetic interconversion between various derivatives, mechanistic insights, critical analysis of the reaction parameters toward selective preparation of various derivatives, and their potential commercial applications have been elaborated using predominantly heterogeneous catalysts. A critical assessment of the relative advantages and shortcomings of the existing synthetic strategies for various derivatives of LA has been presented to enkindle fresh ideas.

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Section: La To Succinic Acid (Sa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Derivatization Of La Involving C−c Bond Cleavage Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Value Addition of Biomass‐Derived Levulinic Acid: A Review Focusing on its Chemical Reactivity Patterns

Dutta

Bhat

2021

ChemCatChem

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“…Ion‐exchange columns separate anionic or cationic compounds. [ 11 ] Size‐exclusion chromatography (SEC) separates molecules by relative size, shape, hydrodynamic volume, and viscosity. [ 12 ] The former separates phosphorylated proteins from their non‐phosphorylated forms while the latter is better suited to separate aggregates from protein monomers.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental methods in chemical engineering: High performance liquid chromatography—HPLC

et al. 2021

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High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) identifies compounds in a sample and quantifies their concentration. The instrument consists of an injector that introduces a μL sample to a mobile phase that carries the analytes across a column filled with an adsorbing substance. The analytes adsorb and desorb at different rates as they flow down the column and are thereby separated. Detectors record a signal proportional to the concentration of the analyte in the mobile phase. Laboratories apply modern HPLC systems for research and development, quality control, safety, and validation. Academia and industry resort to HPLC to purify, identify, and characterize a wide variety of molecules at all stages of a process. Developing an HPLC analytical method is a long and laborious process requiring standards, calibration curves, derivatization, and multiple tests to identify an appropriate column, stationary phase, flow rate, temperature, and mobile phase. Optimal operating conditions maintain a good resolution (high signal‐to‐noise ratio and low peak overlap) while minimizing analysis time. Web of Science Core Collection indexed 8900 articles in 2019, which is relatively few compared to x‐ray and scanning electron microscopy. However, it is such an ubiquitous technique and we estimate that the number of articles that report it in the experimental section is an order of magnitude higher. The bibliometric analysis of the keywords identified four research clusters: phenolics and flavonoids, extraction and pharmacokinetics, in vitro and oxidative stress, and optimization. Here, we detail a walkthrough for the basic steps required to develop a chromatographic method.

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“…Some microorganisms are even pathogenic, which limits their industrial applications. [17] Catalytic SA production utilizes different platform chemicals such as glucose, [18] furfural, [19] and LA, [20] which are derived from lignocellulose present in plants [21] and are degraded to SA through selectively designed catalysts (Scheme 2). Astonishingly, catalytic methods for SA production have not received much attention in comparison to fermentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Heterogeneous Catalytic Routes for the Sustainable Production of Succinic Acid from Biomass Resources

et al. 2020

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Succinic acid is a “hot molecule” identified by United States Department of Energy as a substitute for petrochemicals with great scope for its production from biomass. It is used as an intermediate for the production of a huge variety of everyday consumer products with an addressable market share of billions of dollars. Succinic acid and its derivatives are mainly used as pharmaceuticals, adhesives, solvents, intermediates for polymer synthesis, and food additives. Succinic acid is commercially produced from petrochemicals and there is a deficiency of economically viable catalytic processes for its large‐scale production from biomass. Recently, a lot of biochemical routes have been devised to enhance its production from biomass resources, but such processes are time‐consuming and involve tedious separation procedures. Therefore, this Review focuses on metal‐based and metal‐free heterogeneous catalytic routes for the synthesis of succinic acid from biomass derived products. The presence of uniform channels, cavities, active sites of various strengths, and the unique surface structure of the heterogeneous catalysts are a few of the interesting features that promote their use in industrial processes.

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Levulinic acid upgrade to succinic acid with hydrogen peroxide

Cited by 39 publications

References 40 publications

Recent Advances in the Value Addition of Biomass‐Derived Levulinic Acid: A Review Focusing on its Chemical Reactivity Patterns

Recent Advances in the Value Addition of Biomass‐Derived Levulinic Acid: A Review Focusing on its Chemical Reactivity Patterns

Experimental methods in chemical engineering: High performance liquid chromatography—HPLC

Recent Developments in Heterogeneous Catalytic Routes for the Sustainable Production of Succinic Acid from Biomass Resources

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