Ligand displacement, headspace single-drop microextraction, and capillary electrophoresis for the determination of weak acid dissociable cyanide

Headspace sorptive solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with a spectrophotometry system: A simple glass devise for extraction and simultaneous determination of cyanide and thiocyanate in environmental and biological samples

“…The plot was linear in the range of 1.0-50.0 mmol L À 1 , whereas the lower limits of detection (LOD), quantification (LOQ), and correlation coefficient calculated were 0.335, 1.2 mmol L À 1 and 0.998, respectively. Table 2 summarizes the analytical figures of proposed method compared with some of the previously published articles [2,11,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. The proposed method offered advancement in cyanide determination in terms of better extraction efficiency, simplicity, accuracy and negligible interferences.…”

“…Moreover, various problems arise while examining complex matrices like sample pretreatment and interference elimination. The most common procedure for extraction of cyanide involves acidifying and refluxing sample solution [11]. These procedures are liable to error because of incomplete liberation of cyanide ions.…”

A glance at achievements in the coupling of headspace and direct immersion single‐drop microextraction with chromatographic techniques

“…One can find, however, various modifications of SDME that more or less differ from the above‐described general procedure. Examples of the application the two most commonly used modes of SDME—HS and DI—can be found in the Supporting Information …”

“…Their procedure, called headspace water‐based liquid‐phase microextraction, is free of organic solvents and thus more environmentally friendly. An aqueous microdrop containing various reagents was used for the determination of arsenic , antimony , selenium , mercury , ammonia , sulfide , fluoride , chloride , nitrite , cyanide , formaldehyde , amphetamine , polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons , terpenes , and others. An aqueous drop containing an alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme and the cofactor β‐nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide was reported as a fluorescence probe for the determination of ethanol in alcohol‐free cosmetics .…”

Simultaneous derivatization and extraction of free cyanide in biological samples with home-made hollow fiber-protected headspace liquid-phase microextraction followed by capillary electrophoresis with UV detection

“…Padarauskas developed the HS-SDME technique to determine the free cyanide [25] and weak acid dissociable cyanide [26]. In the present work, we used the home-made hollow fiber-protected HS-LPME technique for the determination of the free cyanide in human urine and saliva, and compared with the Padarauskas' work.…”