“…Beginning with the determination of the structure of the chaperone tapasin bound to another stabilizing component ERp57 (also known as PDIA3) (Dong et al, 2009), several additional structures determined by X-ray crystallography (Jiang et al, 2017;Thomas & Tampe ´, 2017;Mu ¨ller et al, 2022;Jiang et al, 2022) or cryoEM (Blees et al, 2017;Domnick et al, 2022) have augmented a structure-based mechanistic view of chaperone function. Several recent review papers on this topic are primarily based on a biological perspective (Margulies et al, 2022;Margulies, Jiang et al, 2023;Turner et al, 2023;van Hateren & Elliott, 2023;Lan et al, 2023;Satti et al, 2023). This review will emphasize a structural point of view (Table 1) and the principles governing peptide exchange.…”