Light-Induced Effects in Amorphous Chalcogenide Glasses: Femtoseconds to Seconds

Khan, Pritam; Adarsh, K. V.

doi:10.3390/physics3020019

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…27,28 When comparing the two presintered blocks, IPS e.max CAD presented higher glass content and displayed higher translucency values (groups 6 and 7) than Amber Mill (groups 4 and 5). The fully sintered Straumann n!ce is a lithium disilicate-strengthened lithium aluminosilicate, 29 whereas the other brands do not have aluminosilicate; therefore, their effects on light translucency need to be investigated. Crystal size also differs among brands of lithium disilicate, with Amber Mill with an average crystal size of 0.2 µm, 30 Straumann n!ce crystal size of 1 µm, 30 and IPS e.max CAD with crystals of 2-4 µm average size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sintering on the translucency of CAD–CAM lithium disilicate restorations: A comparative in vitro study

Jurado

Afrashtehfar

Hyer

et al. 2023

Journal of Prosthodontics

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PurposeThe available independent data on the translucency of novel pre and fully sintered chairside computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD–CAM) lithium disilicate are limited. This comparative in vitro study evaluated the translucency degree of pre and fully sintered chairside CAD–CAM lithium disilicate crowns after optional, required, and additional firing processes.Materials and methodsOne hundred and five maxillary left central incisor crowns manufactured by three different CAD–CAM lithium disilicate brands shade A1 were assigned into seven groups as follows (n = 15): (1) Straumann n!ce without sintering; (2) Straumann n!ce with one additional sintering process; (3) Straumann n!ce with two additional sintering processes; (4) Amber Mill with one sintering process; (5) Amber Mill with two sintering processes; (6) IPS e.max CAD with one sintering process; and (7) IPS e.max CAD with two sintering processes. The translucency of all crowns was evaluated with a color imaging spectrophotometer. All statistical analyses were performed using statistical software. A standard level of significance was set at α < 0.05.ResultsAll the milled crowns presented different degrees of translucency, and additional sintering processes altered it. IPS e.max CAD with two (4.33 ± 0.26) and one (4.01 ± 0.15) sintering processes displayed the highest translucency, whereas Straumann n!ce with no sintering process provided the lowest value (2.82 ± 0.16).ConclusionsThe translucency of chairside lithium disilicate single‐unit full‐coverage restorations manufactured with subtractive technology was significantly influenced by the brand and the number of sintering processes. The traditional presintered IPS e.max CAD and the fully crystallized glass–ceramic Straumann n!ce considerably increased the translucency after one additional firing process, whereas Amber Mill decreased its translucency.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sintering on the translucency of CAD–CAM lithium disilicate restorations: A comparative in vitro study

Jurado

Afrashtehfar

Hyer

et al. 2023

Journal of Prosthodontics

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“…These effects, due to electron‐hole ( e‐h ) pairs generated by photon absorption in the amorphous semiconductor, can lead to, for example, increased photoconductivity ( e‐h splitting), photoluminescence (radiative e‐h recombination), or photo‐structural and optical changes (non‐radiative e‐h recombination). [ 47 ] Two classes of photo‐induced effects in amorphous chalcogenides are distinguished based on the reversibility/irreversibility of property changes. Reversibility effects refer to effects that can induce a change in the amorphous that can be reversed back to the original properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of the Unusual High Optical Nonlinearities Observed in Glassy Chalcogenides

Dory

Ibnoussina

Raty

et al. 2023

Advanced Optical Materials

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Nonlinear photonics integrated at the chip scale opens the path to new applications in an increasing number of fields such as all‐optical computing, high bit rate communications on chip, or embedded sensing with frequency combs and super‐continuum sources. All these applications require materials having the best trade‐off between optical losses, Kerr refractive index, and compatibility with current nanofabrication facilities. Although optimizing the nanofabrication process can minimize linear optical losses to some extent, optimizing the Kerr index of the materials remains challenging because a clear understanding of the link between atomic structure and optical nonlinearities is still missing. This is precisely what this work addresses for chalcogenide glasses based on thin films of Ge‐Sb‐Se alloys, a promising class of materials fully compatible with large‐scale integration technology from the microelectronics industry. By coupling nonlinear Kerr index metrology with ab initio molecular dynamics calculations of amorphous models, this work unveils the unique molecular patterns in these alloys that are responsible for their unusual nonlinear polarizability. This provides for the first time valuable rules for the design of new optical materials with improved Kerr index enabling miniaturization and implementation of future nonlinear photonic devices that can then operate at significantly lower power.

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“…This process may be implicated in the long-term, hundreds-of-minutes modification of optical transmission in amorphous chalcogenides. More complex photoinduced changes also take place in the nanosecond up to the femtosecond domain [ 52 ] when ChGs exhibit transient absorption (TA) triggered by recombination of self-trapped excitons.…”

Section: Nonlinear Behavior Of Spr Structures That Contain Amorphous ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Four-Layer Surface Plasmon Resonance Structures with Amorphous As2S3 Chalcogenide Films: A Review

Popescu,

Savastru,

Stafe

et al. 2023

Materials

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The paper is a review of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) structures containing amorphous chalcogenide (ChG) films as plasmonic waveguides. The calculation method and specific characteristics obtained for four-layer SPR structures containing films made of amorphous As2S3 and As2Se3 are presented. The paper is mainly based on our previously obtained and published scattered results, to which a generalized point of view was applied. In our analysis, we demonstrate that, through proper choice of the SPR structure layer parameters, we can control the resonance angle, the sharpness of the SPR resonance curve, the penetration depth, and the sensitivity to changes in the refractive index of the analyte. These results are obtained by operating with the thickness of the ChG film and the parameters of the coupling prism. Aspects regarding the realization of the coupling prism are discussed. Two distinct cases are analyzed: first, when the prism is made of material with a refractive index higher than that of the waveguide material; second, when the prism is made of material with a lower refractive index. We demonstrated experimentally that the change in reflectance self-induced by the modification in As2S3 refractive index exhibits a hysteresis loop. We present specific results regarding the identification of alcohols, hydrocarbons, and the marker of E. coli bacteria.

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Light-Induced Effects in Amorphous Chalcogenide Glasses: Femtoseconds to Seconds

Cited by 8 publications

References 68 publications

Effect of sintering on the translucency of CAD–CAM lithium disilicate restorations: A comparative in vitro study

Effect of sintering on the translucency of CAD–CAM lithium disilicate restorations: A comparative in vitro study

Origin of the Unusual High Optical Nonlinearities Observed in Glassy Chalcogenides

Four-Layer Surface Plasmon Resonance Structures with Amorphous As2S3 Chalcogenide Films: A Review

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