Light pulse shapes from plastic scintillators

Moszyński, M.; Bengtson, B.

doi:10.1016/0029-554x(77)90676-0

Cited by 100 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…BC-420 (Saint Gobain Crystals) and its equivalent EJ-230 (Eljen Technology) used in the J-PET detector, the distribution of the time of the photon emission followed by the interaction of the gamma quantum at time Θ can be well approximated by the following convolution of gaussian and exponential terms (Moszynski Bengtson 19771979:…”

Section: Emission Time Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time resolution of the plastic scintillator strips with matrix photomultiplier readout for J-PET tomograph

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Recent tests of a single module of the Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomography system (J-PET) consisting of 30 cm long plastic scintillator strips have proven its applicability for the detection of annihilation quanta (0.511 MeV) with a coincidence resolving time (CRT) of 0.266 ns. The achieved resolution is almost by a factor of two better with respect to the current TOF-PET detectors and it can still be improved since, as it is shown in this article, the intrinsic limit of time resolution for the determination of time of the interaction of 0.511 MeV gamma quanta in plastic scintillators is much lower. As the major point of the article, a method allowing to record timestamps of several photons, at two ends of the scintillator strip, by means of matrix of silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) is introduced. As a result of simulations, conducted with the number of SiPM varying from 4 to 42, it is shown that the improvement of timing resolution saturates with the growing number of photomultipliers, and that the 2 x 5 configuration at two ends allowing to read twenty timestamps, constitutes an optimal solution. The conducted simulations accounted for the emission time distribution, photon transport and absorption inside the scintillator, as well as quantum efficiency and transit time spread of photosensors, and were checked based on the experimental results. Application of the 2 x 5 matrix of SiPM allows for achieving the coincidence resolving time in positron emission tomography of ≈ 0.170 ns for 15 cm axial field-of-view (AFOV) and ≈ 0.365 ns for 100 cm AFOV. The results open perspectives for construction of a cost-effective TOF-PET scanner with significantly better TOF resolution and larger AFOV with respect to the current

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Section: Emission Time Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time resolution of the plastic scintillator strips with matrix photomultiplier readout for J-PET tomograph

et al. 2016

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“…The fluorescent decay lifetime was measured using the delayed-coincidence method of Bollinger and Thomas [7], as modified by Moszynski and Bengtson [12]. A barium fluoride (BaF 2 ) scintillator coupled to a Hamamatsu R-2059 photomultiplier tube provided a start signal, and another quartz-windowed Hamamatsu R-2059 photomultiplier tube masked with a 5 mm diameter "pinhole" was placed 10 em away from the sample to provide the stop signal.…”

Section: Fluorescent Decay Timementioning

confidence: 99%

The scintillation properties of cerium-doped lanthanum fluoride

Moses

Derenzo

1990

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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We report on the scintillation proper~ies of cerium-doped lanthanum fluoride (LaF 3 ),. a newly discovered dense (5.9 g/cm 3 ) heavy atom scintillator. We have investigated four. dopant concentrations (0.01 %, 1%, 10% and 50% mole fraction of CeF 3 ), measuring the emission spectrum, light output, and decay time distribution. The light output · increases with increasing cerium concentration until a maximum of 2200 photons/Me V is reached at 10% CeF 3 , then decreases to 1900 photons/MeV at 50% CeF 3 • The emission spectrum depends on concentration, but consists of a pair of peaks centered at approximately 300 nm and 350 nm, with the lower cerium concentrations having a 'greater fraction of 300 nm emissions. The decay time distribution is well described by the sum of 3 exponential components: 3.0 ns, 26.5 ns, and a dopant dependent long component that varies between 185 ns and 275 ns. The fraction of the 3.0 ns fast component increases from 10% at 50% cerium to 15% at 1% cerium and the fraction of the long component increases from 3% at 50% cerium to 21% at 1% cerium. There is hope that a different cerium doping fraction or different host crystal would increase the intensity of these 3 ns emissions.

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“…The fluorescent decay lifetime was measured using the delayed-coincidence method of Bollinger and Thomas [5], as modified by Moszynski and Bengtson [8]. A piece of barium fluoride scintillator coupled to a Harnarnatsu R-2059 photomultiplier tube provided a start signal, and another quartz-windowed Harnarnatsu R-2059 photomultiplier tube placed 25 ern away from the PbC03 sample provided the stop signal.…”

Section: Decay Time Vs Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%