Light Quality Modulates Growth, Triggers Differential Accumulation of Phenolic Compounds, and Changes the Total Antioxidant Capacity in the Red Callus of Vitis davidii

Abstract

Light quality is one of the key elicitors that directly affect plant cell growth and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. In this study, the red callus of spine grape was cultured under nine light qualities (namely, dark, white, red, yellow, blue, green, purple, warm-yellow, and warm-white light). The effects of different light qualities were studied on callus growth, accumulation of phenolic compounds, and total antioxidant capacity of the red callus of spine grape. The results showed that blue and purple light induced increased red coloration in the callus, whereas yellow light induced the greatest callus proliferation. Among all of the light quality treatments, darkness treatment downregulated the contents of phenolic compounds, whereas blue light was the treatment most conducive to the accumulation of total phenolics. White, blue, and purple light induced increased anthocyanin accumulation. Mixed-wavelength light was beneficial to the accumulation of flavonoids. Blue and purple light were conducive to the accumulation of proanthocyanidins. A further study showed that cyanidin 3-glucoside (Cy3G) and peonidin 3-glucoside (P3G) were the main anthocyanin components in the callus, and blue, purple, and white light treatments promoted their accumulation, whereas flavan-3-ols and flavonols were the main components of non-anthocyanin phenolics, and their accumulation changed in response to not only light quality but also culture duration. The total antioxidant capacity of the callus cultures changed significantly in response to different light qualities. These results will provide evidence for an abiotic elicitor strategy to stimulate callus growth and enhance the accumulation of the main phenolic compounds in the red callus of spine grape.

Effects of Low-Dose Kinetin, 2,4-D and Monochromatic Light Conditions on Flavonoid Content in Callus Culture of Dioscorea esculenta

“…These results indicate that light plays an essential role in flavonoid biosynthesis. Several studies in different species have shown that light conditions induce flavonoid production [31,32] and antioxidant activity [33] higher than dark conditions. Dark conditions are assumed to be the most favorable conditions for D. esculenta callus growth.…”

Why the adventitious roots of poplar are so colorful: RNAseq and metabolomic analysis reveal flavonols, flavones, and anthocyanins accumulation in canker pathogens-induced adventitious roots in poplar

“…However, cyanidin-base anthocyanins were reported as the major colorant of plant fruits and seeds (Cevallos-Casals and Cisneros-Zevallos 2003; Khoo et al 2017; Seeram et al 2001). Especially, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside was reported as the major or one of the major anthocyanins metabolite in the different organs of woody plants, such as red-leaf of acer (Zhang et al 2021), red callus of Vitis davidii (Lai et al 2022), red anthers or leaves of poplar (Cho et al 2016; Kim et al 2021), and leaves of AmRosea 1 transgenic 84K poplar (Yan et al 2022). This study also illustrated that cyanidin-3-O-glucoside is the most abundant and absolutely dominant colorant in the sunlight-exposed poplar ARs, its content can up to 4115.17 ug/g in poplar red ARs.…”

Effect of Nitric Oxide on Browning of Stem Tip Explants of Malus sieversii

“…Phenolic acids and flavonoids are crucial components of phenolic compounds. They not only contribute to callus formation but also help maintain ROS balance through their potent antioxidant and free radical scavenging abilities [38,39]. Additionally, previous research has shown that SNP treatment can inhibit the surface browning of fresh-cut apples by suppressing the synthesis of phenols, thereby reducing the total phenol content and promoting the accumulation of flavonoids [40].…”