Light scattering immunoassay

Labeling Digoxin Antibody with Colloidal Gold and Ferrocene for Its Use in a Membrane Immunostrip and Immunosensor

“…Immunochromatographic detection techniques are capable of greater discrimination between chemical structures, so they are often used as the analytical tool (2). One kind of immunochromatographic technique, the on-site test strip, is not dependent on instrumentation, but it has been used widely for many qualitative and semiquantitative assays, for example, pregnancy tests for home use.…”

Development of a microparticle-enhanced nephelometric immunoassay for quantitation of human lysozyme in pleural effusion and plasma

“…Microparticle-enhanced nephelometric immunoassay has been found as a robust analytical technology (20). Improvements in the production of antisera and particles have enabled the development of a wide number of protein assays into the routine laboratory by means of this technology.…”

Electric Field–Enhanced Sensitivity of Grafted Ligands and Receptors

“…This principle has been used in diagnostic techniques in which antigens and antibodies correspond to ligands and receptors. Grafting of receptors on Brownian microparticles led to the improvement in the detection sensitivity because the larger-sized particles made it possible for even smaller aggregates to be detected by methods such as light scattering (1 ). These methods are called latex agglutination tests (LATs).…”

“…With agglutination, the number of particles decreases and their apparent diameters increase. This affects the amount of scattering, and thus changes in scattered light can be a very sensitive indication of agglutination (1 ). One can use a nephelometer to follow scattered light directly (15 ) or a spectrophotometer to measure change of absorbance of light (16 ).…”

“…These methods are called latex agglutination tests (LATs). 1 Since the development of first LAT by Singer in 1956 (2 ), LATs continue to be widely used for the detection of small quantities of a chemical of interest in fluid test samples. Apart from clinical diagnostics involving detection of antigens and antibodies, commercial LATs are also available for other chemical analytes, e.g., human chorionic gonadotropin, rheumatoid factor (RF), and C-reactive protein.…”