Lignification response for rolled leaves of Ctenanthe setosa under long-term drought stress

Abstract

Leaf rolling is a dehydration avoidance mechanism for plants under drought stress. To understand how it affects the lignification process in response to long-term drought stress in Ctenanthe setosa plants that have the leaf-rolling mechanism, the enzymes in lignification were studied in unrolled leaves as a control and at 2 different leaf rolling indices at days 35 and 47 of the drought period. The results indicated that the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, indole-3-acetic acid oxidase, soluble peroxidase, ionically wall-bound peroxidase, covalently wall-bound peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase were increased during long-term drought stress. However, nitrate reductase activity was decreased while lignin content was increasing during the period of drought. Lignin content was positively correlated to activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, indole-3-acetic acid oxidase, soluble peroxidase, ionically wall-bound peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase, but it was negatively correlated to activity of nitrate reductase. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between leaf rolling and lignin content. The results indicate that the leaf-rolling process may be related to the lignification mechanism in alleviating damage from stress in Ctenanthe setosa under long-term drought stress.

Cell water content and lignification in maize regulated by rhizobacteria under salinity

“…It is known that cell wall peroxidases also influence growth and development of plant by limiting certain growth related reactions through collaboration with phenolic compounds, resulted in reduce wall extensibility. Enhanced PAL activity with subsequent effects on polyphenol oxidase, lignin content, ionic and cell wall-bound peroxidase activities is also supported by Terzi et al (2013). Our finding suggest that inoculation of maize with such isolates could provide salt tolerant ability of plants and serves as a useful tool for alleviating salinity stress.…”

“…Pandey et al (2010) in a proteomic study, reported an enhanced PAL activity under drought stress in rice. Terzi et al (2013) also reported that, PAL activity increased up to 16-fold and also effects the polyphenol oxidase activities, ionically wall-bound peroxidase and lignin content in grey-maranta (Ctenanthe setosa) when exposed to drought stress. Resent review highlighted that PAL activity induced in response to different stresses, like salinity, drought, heavy metals, physical injuries and infection by virus, bacteria, fungi etc.…”

Lignin in Woody Plants under Water Stress: A Review

“…Results of Terzi et al (2013) suggested that an increase of water stress could induce lignification in rolled leaves of Ctenanthe setosa. In addition, rubbing the internodes of plants have reduced elongation with alteration of cell wall mechanical properties and accelerated lignification (De Jaegher et al, 1985).…”

Effect of water deficiency on seed quality and physiological traits of different safflower genotypes

“…The accumulation of compatible solutes is a prerequisite for the adaptation of plants to osmotic stress imposed by drought stress (Serraj and Sinclair, 2002). Water content and water potential of plant tissue are considered as the physiologically appropriate integrators of drought effects; thus, relative water content (RWC) has been nominated as a suitable screening tool for drought-tolerant crops (Jones, 2007;Terzi et al, 2013). It has been reported that water loss can lower leaf water potentials, leading to reduced turgor, stomatal conductance, and photosynthesis, and finally to reduced seed yield.…”