Lignin Extraction from Waste Pine Sawdust Using a Biomass Derived Binary Solvent System

Magalhães, Solange; Filipe, Alexandra; Melro, Elodie; Fernandes, Catarina Marques; Vitorino, Carla; Alves, Luís; Romano, Anabela; Rasteiro, Maria G.; Medronho, Bruno

doi:10.3390/polym13071090

Cited by 19 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The DES used in the current research were natural deep eutectic solvents belonging to Class III, reported to be used in biomass valorization ( Scelsi et al, 2021 ). Levulinic acid as HBD was used because it had a single carboxyl group; the second functional group was a ketonic group that interacted with lignin rather than the carboxyl group, which was responsible for the reduction in lignin solubility ( Soares et al, 2017 ; Magalhães et al, 2021 ). Three hydrogen bond acceptors—acetamide, betaine, and choline chloride—were of natural origin to prepare natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) to out rule the potential environmental hazards posed by ILs and other organic solvents used for pretreatment ( Scelsi et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Production of Bioethanol Using Levulinic Acid Pretreated Sawdust

Nawaz

Huang

Junaid

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The sustainability and economic viability of the bioethanol production process from lignocellulosic biomass depend on efficient and effective pretreatment of biomass. Traditional pretreatment strategies implicating the use of mineral acids, alkalis, and organic solvents release toxic effluents and the formation of inhibitory compounds posing detrimental effects on the environment and interfering with the enzymatic saccharification process, respectively. Ionic liquids (ILs) as green solvents were used to overcome this issue, but the deep eutectic solvent as an emerging class of ionic liquids performed better in terms of making the process environmentally and economically viable. The green solvent-based pretreatment strategy applied in the current research was levulinic, acid-based natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES). Three different hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs)—acetamide, betaine, and choline chloride—in combination with levulinic acid as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) in (HBD: HBA) molar ratio 2:1, were screened for biomass pretreatment. The best deep eutectic solvent was levulinic acid: choline chloride in an optimized molar ratio of 1:0.5, resulting in 91% delignification. The physicochemical parametric optimization of saccharification exhibited maximum enzymatic hydrolysis of 25.87% with 125 mg of pretreated sawdust via simultaneous addition of three thermostable cellulases [i.e., endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase (240 U), exo-1,4-β-D-glucanase (180 U), and β-glucosidase (320 U)] for 5 h of incubation at 75°C. The reducing sugar slurry obtained from the saccharified biomass was then added to a fermentation medium for bioethanol production, and a maximum of 11.82% of production was obtained at 30°C, 72 h, and 180 rpm using a 2.5% 24 h old Saccharomyces cerevisiae seed culture. The current study revealed that the levulinic-based deep eutectic solvent exhibited remarkable delignification, which led to the efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of sawdust and hence bioethanol production. Furthermore, it will prospect new avenues in bioethanol production using a deep eutectic solvent. Deep eutectic solvent overcame the issues posed by ionic liquids: toxicity, expensive and complex preparation, and non-biodegradability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Production of Bioethanol Using Levulinic Acid Pretreated Sawdust

Nawaz

Huang

Junaid

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“… 6 , 7 The range of applications is wide with the native biopolymers but also with its derivatives. 8 , 9 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 20 LA is fully biodegradable and nontoxic and can be sourced from biomass itself. 9 Therefore, given the enhanced performance of LA in lignin fractionation, in this study, a less-explored DES was developed combining LA with ChCl and its fractionation performance was evaluated regarding the recovery yield and purity of the different biopolymers from acacia residues. To our knowledge, there is only one report addressing the ChCl–LA mixture, but since the fractionation process was not fully optimized, and therefore, the lignin yield and purity were not impressive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acacia Wood Fractionation Using Deep Eutectic Solvents: Extraction, Recovery, and Characterization of the Different Fractions

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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The selective extraction and recovery of different lignocellulosic molecules of interest from forestry residues is increasing every day not only to satisfy the needs of driving a society toward more sustainable approaches and materials (rethinking waste as a valuable resource) but also because lignocellulosic molecules have several applications. For this purpose, the development of new sustainable and ecologically benign extraction approaches has grown significantly. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) appear as a promising alternative for the processing and manipulation of biomass. In the present study, a DES formed using choline chloride and levulinic acid (ChCl:LA) was studied to fractionate lignocellulosic residues of acacia wood ( Acacia dealbata Link), an invasive species in Portugal. Different parameters, such as temperature and extraction time, were optimized to enhance the yield and purity of recovered cellulose and lignin fractions. DESs containing LA were found to be promising solvent systems, as the hydrogen bond donor was considered relevant in relation to lignin extraction and cellulose concentration. On the other hand, the increase in temperature and extraction time increases the amount of extracted material from biomass but affects the purity of lignin. The most promising DES system, ChCl:LA in a ratio of 1:3, was found to not significantly depolymerize the extracted lignin, which presented a similar molecular weight to a kraft lignin. Additionally, the 31 P NMR results revealed that the extracted lignin has a high content of phenolic OH groups, which favor its reactivity. A mixture of ChCl:LA may be considered a fully renewable solvent, and the formed DES presents good potential to fractionate wood residues.

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“…Binary solvents have been successfully applied in various areas, including materials engineering, green chemistry technologies, and pharmacy. Some recently published reports provide interesting applications, for example a bioavailability enhancement of enzalutamide via spray drying technique using acetone-water binary solvents [ 33 ], lignin extraction from waste sawdust [ 34 ], the application of anti-solvent effects in perovskite solar cell manufacturing [ 35 , 36 , 37 ], and the supercritical fluid extraction of various phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds [ 38 ] and alkaloids [ 39 ]. The above mentioned applications demonstrate the usefulness of both solubility increase (co-solvation) and solubility decrease (anti-solvation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics and Intermolecular Interactions of Nicotinamide in Neat and Binary Solutions: Experimental Measurements and COSMO-RS Concentration Dependent Reactions Investigations

Cysewski

Przybyłek

Kowalska

et al. 2021

IJMS

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In this study, the temperature-dependent solubility of nicotinamide (niacin) was measured in six neat solvents and five aqueous-organic binary mixtures (methanol, 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, DMSO and DMF). It was discovered that the selected set of organic solvents offer all sorts of solvent effects, including co-solvent, synergistic, and anti-solvent features, enabling flexible tuning of niacin solubility. In addition, differential scanning calorimetry was used to characterize the fusion thermodynamics of nicotinamide. In particular, the heat capacity change upon melting was measured. The experimental data were interpreted by means of COSMO-RS-DARE (conductor-like screening model for realistic solvation–dimerization, aggregation, and reaction extension) for concentration dependent reactions. The solute–solute and solute–solvent intermolecular interactions were found to be significant in all of the studied systems, which was proven by the computed mutual affinity of the components at the saturated conditions. The values of the Gibbs free energies of pair formation were derived at an advanced level of theory (MP2), including corrections for electron correlation and zero point vibrational energy (ZPE). In all of the studied systems the self-association of nicotinamide was found to be a predominant intermolecular complex, irrespective of the temperature and composition of the binary system. The application of the COSMO-RS-DARE approach led to a perfect match between the computed and measured solubility data, by optimizing the parameter of intermolecular interactions.

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Lignin Extraction from Waste Pine Sawdust Using a Biomass Derived Binary Solvent System

Cited by 19 publications

References 47 publications

Sustainable Production of Bioethanol Using Levulinic Acid Pretreated Sawdust

Sustainable Production of Bioethanol Using Levulinic Acid Pretreated Sawdust

Acacia Wood Fractionation Using Deep Eutectic Solvents: Extraction, Recovery, and Characterization of the Different Fractions

Thermodynamics and Intermolecular Interactions of Nicotinamide in Neat and Binary Solutions: Experimental Measurements and COSMO-RS Concentration Dependent Reactions Investigations

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