Lignocellulose Biopolymers and Electronically Conducting Polymers: Toward Sustainable Energy Storage Applications

Abstract

The demand for the development of electrochemical energy storage systems from abundant, renewable, eco-friendly, and cost-effective materials has been the focal and driving point in the advancement of electronic devices. This task and demand can be addressed with a resource that is abundant and possesses the attributes of being developed into efficient electrochemical energy storage systems. Lignin and cellulose, which are collectively known as lignocellulose, are the two most abundant biopolymers available, and they possess the attributes and the qualities to meet this demand. Lignocellulose biopolymers possess unique characteristics such as mechanical flexibility, porosity, and tunability because of their abundant and diverse functional groups. These qualities enable suitable pairing with electronically conducting polymers as enhanced materials for the development of sustainable energy storage devices. This Review highlights the challenges and the utilization of lignocellulose with electronically conducting polymers in supercapacitors applications and battery applications in various capacities as electrodes, separators, binders, and electrolytes.

Review and Perspectives of Sustainable Lignin, Cellulose, and Lignocellulosic Carbon Special Structures for Energy Storage

“…Yhobu et al discussed extensively the use of lignocellulose as electrode materials and also for electrolytes used for supercapacitors and batteries. 21 Mood et al reported synthesis of carbon materials from biomass using different methods having controlled properties for environmental applications like water purification. 22 A review by Kasprzak et al highlighted different composites of polysaccharide-derived carbons with lignocellulose for flexible energy storage devices.…”

“…Very few review articles are published related to lignocellulosic materials for energy storage. Yhobu et al discussed extensively the use of lignocellulose as electrode materials and also for electrolytes used for supercapacitors and batteries . Mood et al reported synthesis of carbon materials from biomass using different methods having controlled properties for environmental applications like water purification .…”

A Review on Development of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Energy Storage Devices: Opportunities and Challenges

“…Some common electrode materials are categorized into carbon materials, transition metal oxides (TMOs), and conductive polymers (CPs) . carbon-based nanomaterials are often used as SCs and battery electrode materials.…”

“…25 Some common electrode materials are categorized into carbon materials, transition metal oxides (TMOs), 26 and conductive polymers (CPs). 27 carbon-based nanomaterials are often used as SCs and battery electrode materials. They have a large surface area, a variable pore size distribution, and good electrical conductivity.…”

Review on Functional Electrolyte, Redox Polymers, and Solar Conversions in 3G Emerging Photovoltaic Technologies: Progress and Outlook

“…The increased global warming and fossil fuels consumption rates have attracted much interest toward renovation of energy conversion technologies and extension of zero carbon emission for sustainable development. 1 Global energy consists of renewable and nonrenewable energy sources. Solar fuel is one of the most naturally abundant renewable energy resources.…”