Linear Model Equation for Prediction and Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Plain-Woven Fabric

Abstract

Nowadays, evaluating fabric touch can be a great interest of industries to match the quality needs of consumers and parameters for the manufacturing process. Modeling helps to determine how structural parameters of fabric affect the surface of a fabric and also identify the way they influence fabric properties. Moreover, it helps estimate and evaluates without the complexity and time-consuming experimental procedures. In this research paper, the linear regression model was developed that was utilized for the prediction and evaluation of surface roughness of plain-woven fabric. The model was developed based on nine different half-bleached plain-woven fabrics with three weft Yarn counts 42 tex, 29.5 tex & 14.76 tex, and three weft thread densities (18 picks per c, 21ppc & 24 picks per c) and then the surface roughness of plain-woven fabric was tested by using Kawabata (KES-FB4) testing instrument. The findings reveal that the effects of count and density on the roughness of plain-woven fabric were found statistically significant at the confidence interval of 95%. The weft yarn count has a positive correlation with surface roughness values of plain-woven fabrics. On the other hand, pick density has a negative correlation with the surface roughness values of plain-woven fabrics. The correlation between measured surface roughness by KES-FB4 and calculated surface roughness by the model equation show how they are strongly correlated at 95% (R² of 0.97).

Effects of weft count and weft density on the surface roughness of 3/1 (Z) twill woven fabric

“…There is geometrical roughness within certain extents of fabrics that is considerable. The roughness is defined as irregularities in the surface that can be described geometrically as the size of roughness elements or mechanically by the friction coefficients (Kawabata and Niwa, 1991; Beyene and Sampath, 2019). Roughness is a descriptive term for a fabric surface that has the feel of sandpaper (ASTM-D123–09).…”

“…The Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics (KESF), Fabric touch tester (FTT) and Fabrics Analysis by Simple Tests (FAST) systems are available for measuring the fabric handle-related characteristics. These types of instruments are working with low-stress mechanical instrument methods directly or indirectly by stimulating the touch, pressure, roughness, smoothness and other mechanoreceptors of human beings (Kawabata and Niwa, 1991; Classen, 2018; Mooneghi et al , 2014; Beyene and Sampath, 2019).…”