Linear Selection Indices in Modern Plant Breeding

Abstract

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Genomic Selection for Optimum Index with Dry Biomass Yield, Dry Mass Fraction of Fresh Material, and Plant Height in Biomass Sorghum

“…. ., α t ] a vector of known and fixed economic weights [19]. Under the breeding perspective, economic values are used to reflect the relative importance of the traits of interest.…”

“…Most of genomic selection algorithms implemented thus far were based on the analysis of single traits, while selection index has had limited use in actual plant breeding programs [18][19][20]. Nonetheless, available results indicate that selection index for improving a single trait would not outperform direct selection for the trait itself, whereas selecting simultaneously for more than one trait in selection index might outperform selecting for a single trait [20].…”

“…Nonetheless, available results indicate that selection index for improving a single trait would not outperform direct selection for the trait itself, whereas selecting simultaneously for more than one trait in selection index might outperform selecting for a single trait [20]. With the use of selection indices, individuals with very high merit in some traits are saved for breeding, even when they are slightly inferior in other traits [19,21], which can not only sustain productivity but can also safeguard genetic diversity. The selection index represents a joint analysis of multiple traits and can increase the accuracy of genetic evaluations in comparison with the single-trait analysis as it exploits the information from correlated traits [22].…”

“…The genomic selection index (GSI) is a linear combination of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) used to predict the individual net genetic merit upon which individual candidates are selected from a nonphenotyped testing population as parents of the next selection cycle [19]. The efficiency of applying selection index in breeding depends on the strength of genetic and environmental correlations between the characters of interest.…”

Aerial High-Throughput Phenotyping Enabling Indirect Selection for Grain Yield at the Early-generation Seed-limited Stages in Breeding Programs

“…Selection indices represent a practical breeding strategy to account for these relationships between traits. Selection indices are linear combinations of traits that allow for selection on multiple traits simultaneously on the basis of a single value (reviewed by Céron-Rojas & Crossa, 2018). They are derived using the genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits in conjunction with weights assigned to each trait according to its importance.…”