Lipid and Fatty-Acid Composition of Coronary and Cerebral Arteries at Different Stages of Atherosclerosis

Böttcher, C.; Houte, E. Boelsma-van; Romeny-Wachter, C.C. ter Haar; Woodford, F. Peter; Gent, C.M. van

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(60)92354-0

Cited by 76 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Rat liver cholesterol ester has been shown to have a pattern similar to that shown here for reticulo-endothelial cells [Swell et al, 1960]. In atherosclerosis in both the human and the rabbit the plasma cholesterol ester fatty acid differs from that of the plaque in that the latter is more saturated [Zilversmit et at., 1961;Tuna et al, 1958;Bottcher et al, 1960;Lewis, 1959;Swell et al, 1960]. The issue is confused, however, by the observation that increasing severity of lesions is associated with an increasing polyunsaturation of the cholesterol ester fatty acid present [Bottcher et at., 1960].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In atherosclerosis in both the human and the rabbit the plasma cholesterol ester fatty acid differs from that of the plaque in that the latter is more saturated [Zilversmit et at., 1961;Tuna et al, 1958;Bottcher et al, 1960;Lewis, 1959;Swell et al, 1960]. The issue is confused, however, by the observation that increasing severity of lesions is associated with an increasing polyunsaturation of the cholesterol ester fatty acid present [Bottcher et at., 1960]. The differing composition of plaque and plasma fatty acid has led some workers [Zilversmit et al, 1961;Swell et al, 1960] to consider that esterification of cholesterol takes place in the arterial wall and it is relevant to suggest that since early lesions at least are characterized by cholesterol contained in reticulo-endothelial cells, that such esterification may be brought about within these cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fatty acid pattern of cholesterol esters may also influence their subsequent metabolism [Klein and Martin, 1959;Lewis et at., 1961] and much interest has arisen concerning fatty acid patterns of cholesterol esters in various situations, particularly in the arterial wall in atherosclerosis [Sinclair, 1956;Bottcher et al, 1960]. Some workers have suggested that cholesterol may be esterified in situ in the arterial wall in atherosclerosis [Zilversmit et al, 1961] and Day [1962] has shown that macrophages may play a role in lipid metabolism in this situation.…”

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Fatty Acid Patterns of Cholesterol Esters Synthesized by Reticulo‐endothelial Cells

Day¹,

Fidge²,

Gould-Hurst³

et al. 1963

Exp Physiol

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The fatty acid pattern of cholesterol esters synthesized by RE cells in rat lymph nodes was determined by gas phase chromatography. Following the uptake of cholesterol by these cells esterification with predominantly saturated fatty acids occurred. Where corn oil or coconut oil was administered together with the cholesterol the fatty acid pattern of the cholesterol esters synthesized became more unsaturated or more saturated respectively. The significance of these findings in terms of the metabolism of cholesterol by RE cells and its relevance to atherosclerosis is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Fatty Acid Patterns of Cholesterol Esters Synthesized by Reticulo‐endothelial Cells

Day¹,

Fidge²,

Gould-Hurst³

et al. 1963

Exp Physiol

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“…In spite of their best efforts, it has been difficult for researchers to obtain direct proof of an association between plasma TG levels and coronary heart disease 6,7) . Before the Framingham heart study and the aforementioned two major discoveries of LDL receptors and statins, pathologists had reported that the human aorta and coronary arteries contained substantial amounts of TG, comparable to cholesterol 8,9) ; however, it seems that the big cholesterol "wave" swept TG away from the heart to the adipose tissue.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Novel Clinical Entity: Triglyceride Deposit Cardiomyovasculopathy Implications and Perspectives from ''Obesity of the Heart''

Hirano

2009

JAT

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Heart diseases, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and congestive heart failure, are major life-threatening disorders in most countries. Cholesterol is a vital causal factor and focus of research into heart diseases, but the involvement of triglycerides remains unclear. We recently reported a unique patient suffering from severe congestive heart failure and needing cardiac transplantation. Massive accumulation of triglycerides was observed in coronary atherosclerotic lesions as well as in the myocardium, while plasma triglyceride levels were normal. We suggested that this phenotype was a novel clinical entity and named it "Triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy", or simply "Obesity of the heart". The patient was identified as homozygous for a genetic mutation in the adipose triglyceride lipase, an essential molecule for hydrolysis of intracellular triglycerides. The present paper deals with what we can learn from this single case and discusses its implications for research and clinical medicine related to heart diseases.

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“…Although the pathophysiology of atherogenesis is complex, an early lesion in blood vessels before atheromata formation appears to be enhanced esterification of cholesterol. Marked increases in cholesterol oleate and linoleate (27,34) and in the. activity of fatty acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase and cholesterol esterase, enzymes responsible for their synthesis, are observable 1 wk after initiation of an atherogenic diet in rabbits (24,35).…”

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Nonoxidative ethanol metabolism: formation of fatty acid ethyl esters by cholesterol esterase.

Lange¹

1982

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The recent identification of myocardial metabolites ofethanol-fatty acid ethyl esters-suggests that some ofthe pathophysiological derangements associated with alcohol-induced heart muscle disease may be a consequence ofproducts ofmyocardial ethanol metabolism. The donor of the fatty acid moiety in the formation offatty acid ethyl esters has been identified as nonesterified fatty acid. Fatty acid esterification with ethanol is shown to be mediated by cholesterol esterase (sterol-ester acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.13), a finding that identifies a singular nonoxidative ethanol metabolism by an enzyme. A potential basis for the protective effect of ethanol ingestion on atherogenesis is also suggested because fatty acid ethyl esters inhibit cholesterol esterification catalyzed by pancreatic cholesterol esterase and hepatic and aortic microsomal fatty acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.26).Although an association between alcohol and heart disease was first described by Walshe in 1873 (1), the recognition of alcoholism as an important component in the history ofpatients with noncoronary myocardial disease was not made frequently until 1964 (2). Approximately 1-2% ofchronic abusers develop overt signs of cardiac dysfunction (3); among the cardiomyopathic disorders, alcohol-induced heart muscle disease (AIHMD) is the most common, accounting for 3% of cardiac admissions to Veterans Administration or city hospitals (4).AIHMD is associated with chronic alcohol abuse in the absence of vitamin or caloric deprivation (5, 6). However, the bases for the depression of myocardial contractility (7, 8), development of cardiac arrhythmias (9, 10), accumulation of triacylglycerides (11-13), and decreased /&oxidation of fatty acids (11-14) have not been elucidated. Because 14Co2 has not been detected in hearts perfused with [14C]ethanol (11,15) (23) were prepared containing egg phosphatidylcholine (5.0 umoV ml), cholesterol (2.0 ,umol/ml), and [14C]oleic acid (from 0.1 Abbreviations: AIHMD, alcohol-induced heart muscle disease; FAEE, fatty acid ethyl esters. 3954The publication costs ofthis article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U. S. C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact.

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Lipid and Fatty-Acid Composition of Coronary and Cerebral Arteries at Different Stages of Atherosclerosis

Cited by 76 publications

References 7 publications

Fatty Acid Patterns of Cholesterol Esters Synthesized by Reticulo‐endothelial Cells

Fatty Acid Patterns of Cholesterol Esters Synthesized by Reticulo‐endothelial Cells

A Novel Clinical Entity: Triglyceride Deposit Cardiomyovasculopathy Implications and Perspectives from ''Obesity of the Heart''

Nonoxidative ethanol metabolism: formation of fatty acid ethyl esters by cholesterol esterase.

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