Lipid crystals mechanically stimulate adjacent extracellular matrix in advanced atherosclerotic plaques

Dehydroabietic Acid Induces Regeneration of Collagen Fibers in Ultraviolet B-Irradiated Human Dermal Fibroblasts and Skin Equivalents

“…Second harmonic generation (SHG) detects noncentrosymmetric molecular assemblies, such as collagen, microtubules, and myosin. Recently, a combination of TPEF and SHG has been assessed for the studies of interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix in a three-dimensional (3D) environment [9]. Therefore, these techniques can be used to investigate microanatomical changes in collagen fibers in UV-irradiated skin cells or tissues.…”

Site-specific impairment of perivascular adipose tissue on advanced atherosclerotic plaques using multimodal nonlinear optical imaging

“…However, it proved difficult to study the interaction between lipids and the ECM with CARS alone, and the integration of SHG and MPEF led to the development of label-free MNLO imaging for collagen and elastin. Using MNLO imaging, we have also reported that atherosclerotic LDs physically affect the environmental ECM (24). In the present study, this experimental platform was expanded for PVAT-preserved atherosclerotic vessels, providing a useful 3D and label-free methodology for PVAT.…”

“…S1). MNLO microscopy has been previously used for various types of biological and medical research due to its property of providing a signal intensity based on inherent molecular structures (23)(24)(25). Here we performed whole-mount ex vivo CARS imaging of tPVAT to mitigate the tissue processing difficulties of tPVAT, which is a loose and atypical tissue at the outermost layer.…”

“…Because PVAT, the outermost layer, is generally exfoliated during experimental procedures and is difficult to access via imaging modalities, the molecular mechanisms of PVAT in vascular diseases are not well understood. In this study, we applied multimodal nonlinear optical (MNLO) imaging of tPVAT-intact atherosclerotic aorta, which we previously developed and proposed as a new methodology for atherosclerosis (23,24). In brief, the MNLO imaging platform includes multiphoton excitation fluorescence (MPEF), second harmonic generation (SHG), and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and provides the simultaneous label-free imaging of elastin, collagen, and lipids based on the inherent nature of the molecules (25).…”

Antimelanogenic Efficacy of Melasolv (3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamate Thymol Ester) in Melanocytes and Three-Dimensional Human Skin Equivalent

“…In this study, we used an fs -pulsed Ti:sapphire laser (Chameleon Vision-S, Coherent Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) capable of tuning wavelengths from 690 to 1,050 nm, with a pulse width of 75 fs and a repetition rate of 80 MHz [6]. The laser beam was delivered into an inverted microscope (FV1000MPE +IX81; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan).…”