Lipid droplets throughout the evolutionary tree

Lundquist, Peter K.; Shivaiah, Kiran‐Kumar; Espinoza‐Corral, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101029

Cited by 68 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 337 publications

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“…Shown in Supplementary Dataset 3 are the summed LFQ and enrichment values for all detected proteins at different subcellular localizations based on PPDB (Sun et al, 2009;Ischebeck et al, 2020), including proteins annotated to be localized at LDs, which were the most enriched in the LD fractions, as expected. Among the other notable groups of proteins enriched in the LD fractions were those annotated to be localized to tonoplasts or vacuoles (Supplementary Dataset 3), which might reflect the LD-vacuole interactions that are proposed to occur during autophagic degradation of LDs in plants (Ischebeck et al, 2020;Zienkiewicz and Zienkiewicz, 2020), as well as proteins localized to lipid-storing plastoglobuli, which, like cytosolic LDs, are known to be upregulated during plant stress (Rottet et al, 2015;Lundquist et al, 2020).…”

Section: Erd7 Is Enriched With Lds Isolated From Drought-stressed Aramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cells store neutral lipids, such as triacylglycerols (TAG) and sterol esters, in cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs), an organelle found in all kingdoms of life (Chapman et al, 2013;Lundquist et al, 2020). LDs are much more than simply lipid storage sites however, since they participate in a vast array of other cellular processes ranging from metabolism, protein turnover, signaling molecule biosynthesis, protein sequestration, and stress response (Pyc et al, 2017b;Kretzschmar et al, 2018;Olzmann and Carvalho, 2019;Lundquist et al, 2020). Underlying the control of these various processes are numerous LD "coat" proteins that reside on the surface of LDs and can be involved also in the formation of LDs at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mediating LD-LD or LD-organelle interactions, and LD turnover (Chapman et al, 2019;Thiam and Dugail, 2019;Ischebeck et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arabidopsis thaliana EARLY RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 7 Localizes to Lipid Droplets via Its Senescence Domain

et al. 2021

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Lipid droplets (LDs) are neutral-lipid-containing organelles found in all kingdoms of life and are coated with proteins that carry out a vast array of functions. Compared to mammals and yeast, relatively few LD proteins have been identified in plants, particularly those associated with LDs in vegetative (non-seed) cell types. Thus, to better understand the cellular roles of LDs in plants, a more comprehensive inventory and characterization of LD proteins is required. Here, we performed a proteomics analysis of LDs isolated from drought-stressed Arabidopsis leaves and identified EARLY RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 7 (ERD7) as a putative LD protein. mCherry-tagged ERD7 localized to both LDs and the cytosol when ectopically expressed in plant cells, and the protein’s C-terminal senescence domain (SD) was both necessary and sufficient for LD targeting. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that ERD7 belongs to a six-member family in Arabidopsis that, along with homologs in other plant species, is separated into two distinct subfamilies. Notably, the SDs of proteins from each subfamily conferred targeting to either LDs or mitochondria. Further, the SD from the ERD7 homolog in humans, spartin, localized to LDs in plant cells, similar to its localization in mammals; although, in mammalian cells, spartin also conditionally localizes to other subcellular compartments, including mitochondria. Disruption of ERD7 gene expression in Arabidopsis revealed no obvious changes in LD numbers or morphology under normal growth conditions, although this does not preclude a role for ERD7 in stress-induced LD dynamics. Consistent with this possibility, a yeast two-hybrid screen using ERD7 as bait identified numerous proteins involved in stress responses, including some that have been identified in other LD proteomes. Collectively, these observations provide new insight to ERD7 and the SD-containing family of proteins in plants and suggest that ERD7 may be involved in functional aspects of plant stress response that also include localization to the LD surface.

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Section: Erd7 Is Enriched With Lds Isolated From Drought-stressed Aramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arabidopsis thaliana EARLY RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 7 Localizes to Lipid Droplets via Its Senescence Domain

et al. 2021

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“…They are composed of a neutral lipid core that is covered by a monolayer of phospholipids and other amphiphilic lipids, and by proteins (Thiam et al, 2013b; Olzmann and Carvalho, 2019). LDs vary in size over four orders of magnitude, depending on organism/cell type and fasting state of a cell; in mature adipocytes, the majority of the cell can be occupied by a single LD measuring >100 μm in diameter (Lundquist et al, 2020; Stenkula and Erlanson-Albertsson, 2018). Secreted lipoprotein particles are similar to LDs in terms of their over-all composition but are much smaller, ranging from 10 to 1000 nm in diameter (Ohsaki et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exceptional stability of a perilipin on lipid droplets depends on its polar residues, suggesting multimeric assembly

Giménez-Andrés

Emeršič

Antoine-Bally

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Numerous proteins target lipid droplets (LDs) through amphipathic helices (AHs). It is generally assumed that AHs insert bulky hydrophobic residues in packing defects at the LD surface. However, this model does not explain the targeting of perilipins, the most abundant and specific amphipathic proteins of LDs. The gigantic Plin4 contains a highly repetitive AH that lacks bulky hydrophobic residues, and its LD targeting depends strongly on its length. We show that Plin4 forms a remarkably immobile protein layer at the surface of cellular or artificial LDs, making them stable over days. This Plin4 AH feature is not shared with the AHs of other perilipins, which display much faster dynamics on lipid surfaces. Plin4 AH stability on LDs is exquisitely sensitive to the nature and distribution of its polar residues. These results suggest that Plin4 forms stable arrangements of adjacent AHs via polar interactions.

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“…Lipid droplets are pervasive and dynamic subcellular organelles of diverse morphological and functional diversity [18][19][20][21] across evolutionary tree of life. Lipid droplets comprised of a hydrophobic core of neutral lipids (triacylglycerol, TAG and cholesterol ester, CE) surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI) and lyso-phospholipids; decorated with different types of proteins such as Perilipins (PLIN) [22,23] (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Mycobacterium Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid droplets and the transcriptome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from direct sputa: a literature review

et al. 2021

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the main etiology of tuberculosis (TB), is predominantly an intracellular pathogen that has caused infection, disease and death in humans for centuries. Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic intracellular organelles that are found across the evolutionary tree of life. This review is an evaluation of the current state of knowledge regarding Mtb-LD formation and associated Mtb transcriptome directly from sputa.Based on the LD content, Mtb in sputum may be classified into three groups: LD positive, LD negative and LD borderline. However, the clinical and evolutionary importance of each state is not well elaborated. Mounting evidence supports the view that the presence of LD positive Mtb bacilli in sputum is a biomarker of slow growth, low energy state, towards lipid degradation, and drug tolerance. In Mtb, LD may serve as a source of chemical energy, scavenger of toxic compounds, prevent destruction of Mtb through autophagy, delay trafficking of lysosomes towards the phagosome, and contribute to Mtb persistence. It is suggest that LD is a key player in the induction of a spectrum of phenotypic and metabolic states of Mtb in the macrophage, granuloma and extracellular sputum microenvironment. Tuberculosis patients with high proportion of LD positive Mtb in pretreatment sputum was associated with higher rate of poor treatment outcome, indicating that LD may have a clinical application in predicting treatment outcome.The propensity for LD formation among Mtb lineages is largely unknown. The role of LD on Mtb transmission and disease phenotype (pulmonary TB vs extra-pulmonary TB) is not well understood. Thus, further studies are needed to understand the relationships between LD positivity and Mtb lineage, Mtb transmission and clinical types.

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Lipid droplets throughout the evolutionary tree

Cited by 68 publications

References 337 publications

Arabidopsis thaliana EARLY RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 7 Localizes to Lipid Droplets via Its Senescence Domain

Arabidopsis thaliana EARLY RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 7 Localizes to Lipid Droplets via Its Senescence Domain

Exceptional stability of a perilipin on lipid droplets depends on its polar residues, suggesting multimeric assembly

Lipid droplets and the transcriptome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from direct sputa: a literature review

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