Lipidomics for Geochemistry

Pearson, Ann

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-095975-7.01022-6

Cited by 33 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 449 publications

(390 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, (i) desaturation and subsequent methylation at C-10 of the deuterated n-saturated fatty acids would have caused the loss of at least two deuterium atoms, and (ii) monounsaturated deuterated fatty acids that could have constituted potential intermediates in 10-Me-branched fatty acid biosynthesis were not detected. The present mechanism of methylation at C-10 remains unknown but seems to be common to many hydrocarbon-degrading sulfate-reducing bacteria (38,44,45 14 , respectively) and 2-O-D 27 -C 14 . The number of deuterium atoms in these compounds was determined from the comparison of specific fragment ions in their mass spectra with those of unlabeled analogues.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasmalogens are also widespread in mammalian and human tissues, where they can have a number of important biological functions such as intracellular signaling (in response to stimuli) or a protective role during oxidant-induced stress (11,12). There are indications that plasmalogens have distinct biosynthetic pathways in animal tissues and (anaerobic) bacteria, but mechanistic and evolutionary aspects remain unclear (12)(13)(14).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mono- and Dialkyl Glycerol Ether Lipids in Anaerobic Bacteria: Biosynthetic Insights from the Mesophilic Sulfate Reducer Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans PF2803 ^T

Grossi

Mollex

Vinçon‐Laugier

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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bBacterial glycerol ether lipids (alkylglycerols) have received increasing attention during the last decades, notably due to their potential role in cell resistance or adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. Major uncertainties remain, however, regarding the origin, biosynthesis, and modes of formation of these uncommon bacterial lipids. We report here the preponderance of monoalkyl-and dialkylglycerols (1-O-alkyl-, 2-O-alkyl-, and 1,2-O-dialkylglycerols) among the hydrolyzed lipids of the marine mesophilic sulfate-reducing proteobacterium Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans PF2803 T grown on n-alkenes (pentadec-1-ene or hexadec-1-ene) as the sole carbon and energy source. Alkylglycerols account for one-third to two-thirds of the total cellular lipids (alkylglycerols plus acylglycerols), depending on the growth substrate, with dialkylglycerols contributing to one-fifth to two-fifths of the total ether lipids. The carbon chain distribution of the lipids of D. alkenivorans also depends on that of the substrate, but the chain length and methyl-branching patterns of fatty acids and monoalkyl-and dialkylglycerols are systematically congruent, supporting the idea of a biosynthetic link between the three classes of compounds. Vinyl ethers (1-alken-1=-yl-glycerols, known as plasmalogens) are not detected among the lipids of strain PF2803 T . Cultures grown on different (per)deuterated n-alkene, n-alkanol, and n-fatty acid substrates further demonstrate that saturated alkylglycerols are not formed via the reduction of hypothetic alken-1=-yl intermediates. Our results support an unprecedented biosynthetic pathway to monoalkyl/monoacyl-and dialkylglycerols in anaerobic bacteria and suggest that n-alkyl compounds present in the environment can serve as the substrates for supplying the building blocks of ether phospholipids of heterotrophic bacteria.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mono- and Dialkyl Glycerol Ether Lipids in Anaerobic Bacteria: Biosynthetic Insights from the Mesophilic Sulfate Reducer Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans PF2803 ^T

Grossi

Mollex

Vinçon‐Laugier

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Research on the cycling of specific organic compounds through proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and the chemical and structural characterization of organic matter represent Emerging areas of Chemical Oceanography. These types of measurements (e.g., Collins et al, 2016;Heal et al, 2017;Kharbush et al, 2016;Kido Soule et al, 2015;Koch et al, 2005;Pearson, 2014;Slattery et al, 2012) may have a solid theoretical basis but their interpretive power is currently limited by the extent of application. For example, marine proteomics studies have revealed physiological responses of Southern Ocean phytoplankton to changing environmental conditions (Boyd et al, 2016), identified combined nutrient stressors in the Pacific Ocean , and been used to track organic nitrogen sources from the water column to sediment burial in the Bering Sea (Moore et al, 2012), demonstrating the field's emerging interpretive power.…”

Section: Fostering Tool and Technique Development In Chemical Oceanogmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on Chemical Oceanography in the 21st century: Participants of the COME ABOARD Meeting examine aspects of the field in the context of 40 years of DISCO

et al. 2017

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A B S T R A C TThe questions that chemical oceanographers prioritize over the coming decades, and the methods we use to address these questions, will define our field's contribution to 21st century science. In recognition of this, the U.S. National Science Foundation and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration galvanized a community effort (the Chemical Oceanography MEeting: A BOttom-up Approach to Research Directions, or COME ABOARD) to synthesize bottom-up perspectives on selected areas of research in Chemical Oceanography. Representing only a small subset of the community, COME ABOARD participants did not attempt to identify targeted research directions for the field. Instead, we focused on how best to foster diverse research in Chemical Oceanography, placing emphasis on the following themes: strengthening our core chemical skillset; expanding our tools through collaboration with chemists, engineers, and computer scientists; considering new roles for large programs; enhancing interface research through interdisciplinary collaboration; and expanding ocean literacy by engaging with the public. For each theme, COME ABOARD participants reflected on the present state of Chemical Oceanography, where the community hopes to go and why, and actionable pathways to get there. A unifying concept among the discussions was that dissimilar funding structures and metrics of success may be required to accommodate the various levels of readiness and stages of knowledge development found throughout our community. In addition to the science, participants of the concurrent Dissertations Symposium in Chemical Oceanography (DISCO) XXV, a meeting of recent and forthcoming Ph.D. graduates in Chemical Oceanography, provided perspectives on how our field could show leadership in addressing long-standing diversity and earlycareer challenges that are pervasive throughout science. Here we summarize the COME ABOARD Meeting discussions, providing a synthesis of reflections and perspectives on the field.

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“…In case C2b, the adduct ion of greatest theoretical abundance and some lesser adduct ion is present, but total number of acyl carbon atoms. We envision that this filter would be applied to data of exclusively eukaryotic origin: Since non-acetogenic fatty acid synthesis is confined almost exclusively to bacteria and archaea (Pearson, 2014), FA synthesized by eukaryotes will be composed of an even total number of carbon atoms.…”

Section: Orthogonal Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Krom and A. Berner, 1981;Hedges et al, 2001;Keil et al, 1994;Middelburg, 1989; see also Figure 1). Of particular interest to chemical oceanographers and geochemists in this regard are the lipids of marine plankton, biochemicals whose taxonomic specificity and functional diversity make them uniquely suited for use as biomarkers of particular taxa or biogeochemical processes (Close et al, 2013;Pearson, 2014;Rontani et al, 2012;Sturt et al, 2004;Wakeham et al, 1997). Lipids and their many oxidation products are equally useful as indicators of various processes and phenomena in living or senescent biomass (Hunter et al, 2015;Van Mooy et al, 2006;Van Mooy et al, 2009;Vardi et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The remineralization of marine organic matter by diverse biological and abiotic processes

Collins¹

2017

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While aerobic respiration is typically invoked as the dominant mass-balance sink for organic matter in the upper ocean, many other biological and abiotic processes can degrade particulate and dissolved substrates on globally significant scales. The relative strengths of these other remineralization processes -including mechanical mechanisms such as dissolution and disaggregation of sinking particles, and abiotic processes such as photooxidation -remain poorly constrained. In this thesis, I examine the biogeochemical significance of various alternative pathways of organic matter remineralization using a combination of field experiments, modeling approaches, geochemical analyses, and a new, high-throughput lipidomics method for identification of lipid biomarkers. I first assess the relative importance of particleattached microbial respiration compared to other processes that can degrade sinking marine particles. A hybrid methodological approach -comparison of substrate-specific respiration rates from across the North Atlantic basin with Monte Carlo-style sensitivity analyses of a simple mechanistic model -suggested sinking particle material was transferred to the water column by various biological and mechanical processes nearly 3.5 times as fast as it was directly respired, questioning the conventional assumption that direct respiration dominates remineralization. I next present and demonstrate a new lipidomics method and open-source software package for discovery and identification of molecular biomarkers for organic matter degradation in large, high-mass-accuracy HPLC-ESI-MS datasets. I use the software to unambiguously identify more than 1,100 unique lipids, oxidized lipids, and oxylipins in data from cultures of the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum that were subjected to oxidative stress. Finally, I present the results of photooxidation experiments conducted with liposomes -nonliving aggregations of lipids -in natural waters of the Southern Ocean. A broadband polychromatic apparent quantum yield (AQY) is applied to estimate rates of lipid photooxidation in surface waters of the West Antarctic Peninsula, which receive seasonally elevated doses of ultraviolet radiation as a consequence of anthropogenic ozone depletion in the stratosphere. The mean daily rate of lipid photooxidation (50 ± 11 pmol IP-DAG L −1 d −1 , equivalent to 31 ± 7 g C m −3 d −1 ) represented between 2 and 8 % of the total bacterial production observed in surface waters immediately following the retreat of the sea ice. AcknowledgmentsModern science is a highly collaborative enterprise. And yet -at times -it can be incredibly isolating. A great number of people have nurtured, challenged, and supported me scientifically and emotionally over the past five and a half years as I have operated at fits and starts in each of these modes of scientific inquiry. While I've thanked many of these individuals in these Acknowledgments and in the acknowledgments sections of my separate thesis chapters, I am sure I've committed the sin of omi...

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Lipidomics for Geochemistry

Cited by 33 publications

References 449 publications

Mono- and Dialkyl Glycerol Ether Lipids in Anaerobic Bacteria: Biosynthetic Insights from the Mesophilic Sulfate Reducer Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans PF2803 ^T

Mono- and Dialkyl Glycerol Ether Lipids in Anaerobic Bacteria: Biosynthetic Insights from the Mesophilic Sulfate Reducer Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans PF2803 ^T

Perspectives on Chemical Oceanography in the 21st century: Participants of the COME ABOARD Meeting examine aspects of the field in the context of 40 years of DISCO

The remineralization of marine organic matter by diverse biological and abiotic processes

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Lipidomics for Geochemistry

Cited by 33 publications

References 449 publications

Mono- and Dialkyl Glycerol Ether Lipids in Anaerobic Bacteria: Biosynthetic Insights from the Mesophilic Sulfate Reducer Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans PF2803 T

Mono- and Dialkyl Glycerol Ether Lipids in Anaerobic Bacteria: Biosynthetic Insights from the Mesophilic Sulfate Reducer Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans PF2803 T

Perspectives on Chemical Oceanography in the 21st century: Participants of the COME ABOARD Meeting examine aspects of the field in the context of 40 years of DISCO

The remineralization of marine organic matter by diverse biological and abiotic processes

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Product

Resources

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Mono- and Dialkyl Glycerol Ether Lipids in Anaerobic Bacteria: Biosynthetic Insights from the Mesophilic Sulfate Reducer Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans PF2803 ^T

Mono- and Dialkyl Glycerol Ether Lipids in Anaerobic Bacteria: Biosynthetic Insights from the Mesophilic Sulfate Reducer Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans PF2803 ^T