Lipolytic enzyme production in batch and fed-batch cultures ofOphiostoma piceae andFusarium oxysporum

Tamerler, Candan; Keshavarz, Tajalli

doi:10.1002/1097-4660(200009)75:9<785::aid-jctb293>3.0.co;2-r

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Substances reported to be active in lipase induction are, for example, oils (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24), fatty acids (15,22,25), or detergents (20,22). In some cases lipase formation in complex media is observed (26,27); here lipidic substances probably are part of the complex substrate and act as inducers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of a Polyester Degrading Extracellular Hydrolase from Thermomonospora fusca

Gouda

Kleeberg

Heuvel

et al. 2002

Biotechnology Progress

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The production of a polyester-degrading hydrolase from the thermophilic actinomycete Thermomonospora fusca was investigated with regard to its potential technical application. Only in the presence of a polyester (random aliphatic-aromatic copolyester from 1,4-butanediol, terephthalic acid, and adipic acid with around 40-50 mol % terephthalic acid in the acid component), the excretion of the extracellular enzyme could be achieved with an optimized synthetic medium using pectin and NH(4)Cl as nitrogen source. Compared to complex media, a significantly higher specific activity at comparable volumetric yields could be obtained, thus reducing the expenditure for purification. The activity profile in the medium is controlled by a complex process involving (1) induction of enzyme excretion, (2) enzyme adsorption on the hydrophobic polyester surface, (3) inhibition of enzyme generation by monomers produced by polyester cleavage, and (4) enzyme denaturation. Diafiltration with cellulose acetate membranes as the sole downstream processing step led to a product of high purity and with sufficient yield (60% of total activity). Scaling-up from shaking flasks to a fermentor scale of 100 L revealed no specific problems. However, the excretion of the hydrolase by the actinomycete turned out to be inhibited by the degradation products (monomers) of the aliphatic-aromatic copolyester used as inductor for the enzyme production. The crude enzyme exhibited generally similar properties (temperature and pH optimum) as the highly purified hydrolase described previously; however, the storage capability and thermal stability is improved when the crude enzyme solution is diafiltrated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of a Polyester Degrading Extracellular Hydrolase from Thermomonospora fusca

Gouda

Kleeberg

Heuvel

et al. 2002

Biotechnology Progress

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“…vasinfectum. F. oxysporum lipase was induced by rape seed oil (Tamerler and Keshavarz, 2000) and triolein (Camargo-de-Morais et al, 2003); sesame oil was used to induce lipase from Fusarium solani (Maia et al, 2001). The chicken fat used in this study, according to analysis, is composed of long-chain fatty acids, primarily oleic (18:1, 42.93%), palmitic (16:0, 24.61%) and linoleic (18:2, 13.63%).…”

Section: Costs Of Lipase Production By Fusarium Sp (Gfc) Fcla-ma41mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chicken fat and inorganic nitrogen source for lipase production by Fusarium sp. (Gibberella fujikuroi complex)

Oliveira¹,

Lima

2014

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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In this work, we report the production of lipases by a Fusarium sp. isolate (FCLA-MA41) from Atlantic Forest, using chicken fat and association of organic and inorganic nitrogen sources in submerged fermentation to seek economically attractive bioprocess. A 2-level, 4-factor Central Composite Design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to study the influence of the concentrations of chicken fat, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , Triton X-100 and yeast extract as a nutrient supplement in Vogel minimum salt medium. RSM defined the region with the best response as consisting of the following combination of variables: chicken fat 15.0 mL/L, Triton X-100 15.0 g/L, ammonium sulfate 4.5 g/L and yeast extract 1.0 g/L. A validation study was performed according to the described concentrations and produced an enzymatic activity of 4.22 ± 0.35 U/mL. Considering the cost estimates of the nutrient medium optimized for lipase production, the production cost was $US 518.00/million Units of lipase.

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“…In contrast to xylem dwelling ambrosia beetles, weevils dwelling in the inner bark phloem and feeding phloeophagously (phloem feeding) or phloeomycetophagously (feeding on fungus infested phloem) are termed bark beetles [ 20 ]. Their primary associates, the ophiostomatoid fungi, are close relatives of ambrosia fungi and are known to produce a variety of hemicellulolytic enzymes [ 34 - 38 ], although Ophiostoma fungi in general leave the cellulose and cross-linking glycans mostly intact and instead utilize storage products in the living ray parenchyma [ 29 ]. The beetles and internal gut microbes may also contribute enzymes as larvae of a bark beetle ( Phloeosinus bicolor ) showed α-amylase-, invertase-, maltase-, lactase-, and protease-activities together with some hydrolytic activity on a substrate of hemicellulose but not on cellulose [ 39 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of functional enzyme activity in fungus farming ambrosia beetles

Licht

Biedermann

2012

Front Zool

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IntroductionIn wood-dwelling fungus-farming weevils, the so-called ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae), wood in the excavated tunnels is used as a medium for cultivating fungi by the combined action of digging larvae (which create more space for the fungi to grow) and of adults sowing and pruning the fungus. The beetles are obligately dependent on the fungus that provides essential vitamins, amino acids and sterols. However, to what extent microbial enzymes support fungus farming in ambrosia beetles is unknown. Here we measure (i) 13 plant cell-wall degrading enzymes in the fungus garden microbial consortium of the ambrosia beetle Xyleborinus saxesenii, including its primary fungal symbionts, in three compartments of laboratory maintained nests, at different time points after gallery foundation and (ii) four specific enzymes that may be either insect or microbially derived in X. saxesenii adult and larval individuals.ResultsWe discovered that the activity of cellulases in ambrosia fungus gardens is relatively small compared to the activities of other cellulolytic enzymes. Enzyme activity in all compartments of the garden was mainly directed towards hemicellulose carbohydrates such as xylan, glucomannan and callose. Hemicellulolytic enzyme activity within the brood chamber increased with gallery age, whereas irrespective of the age of the gallery, the highest overall enzyme activity were detected in the gallery dump material expelled by the beetles. Interestingly endo-β-1,3(4)-glucanase activity capable of callose degradation was identified in whole-body extracts of both larvae and adult X. saxesenii, whereas endo-β-1,4-xylanase activity was exclusively detected in larvae.ConclusionSimilar to closely related fungi associated with bark beetles in phloem, the microbial symbionts of ambrosia beetles hardly degrade cellulose. Instead, their enzyme activity is directed mainly towards comparatively more easily accessible hemicellulose components of the ray-parenchyma cells in the wood xylem. Furthermore, the detection of xylanolytic enzymes exclusively in larvae (which feed on fungus colonized wood) and not in adults (which feed only on fungi) indicates that only larvae (pre-) digest plant cell wall structures. This implies that in X. saxesenii and likely also in many other ambrosia beetles, adults and larvae do not compete for the same food within their nests - in contrast, larvae increase colony fitness by facilitating enzymatic wood degradation and fungus cultivation.

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Lipolytic enzyme production in batch and fed-batch cultures ofOphiostoma piceae andFusarium oxysporum

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Production of a Polyester Degrading Extracellular Hydrolase from Thermomonospora fusca

Production of a Polyester Degrading Extracellular Hydrolase from Thermomonospora fusca

Chicken fat and inorganic nitrogen source for lipase production by Fusarium sp. (Gibberella fujikuroi complex)

Patterns of functional enzyme activity in fungus farming ambrosia beetles

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