Lipophilic Metabolites from Five‐Needle Pines, Pinus armandii and Pinus kwangtungensis, Exhibiting Antibacterial Activity

Abstract

Lipophilic extractive metabolites from needles and defoliated twigs of Pinus armandii and P. kwangtungensis were studied by GC/MS. Needles of P. armandii contained predominantly 15‐O‐functionalized labdane type acids (anticopalic acid), fatty acids, nonacosan‐10‐ol, sterols, nonacosan‐10‐ol and sterol saponifiable esters, and acylglycerols, while P. kwangtungensis needles contained no anticopalic acid, but more trinorlabdane (14,15,16‐trinor‐8(17)‐labdene‐13,19‐dioic acid) and other labdane type acids, nonacosan‐10‐ol and its saponifiable esters. The major compounds in the P. armandii defoliated twig extract were abietane and isopimarane type acids, fatty acids, sterols, labdanoids (cis‐abienol), cembranoids (isocembrol and 4‐epi‐isocembrol), saponifiable sterol esters, and acylglycerols. The same extract of P. kwangtungensis contained larger quantities of fatty acids, caryophyllene oxide, serratanoids, sterols, saponifiable sterol esters, and acylglycerols, but lesser amounts of abietane and isopimarane type acids, cis‐abienol, and lacked cembranoids. Both twig and needle extracts of P. armandii and P. kwangtungensis, as well as the extracts’ fractions, significantly inhibited the growth of Gram‐negative bacteria Serratia marcescens with MIC of 0.1 mg ml−1, while in most cases they slightly stimulated the growth of Gram‐positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis at the same concentrations. Thus, lipophilic extractive compounds from the needles and defoliated twigs of both pines are prospective for the development of antiseptics against Gram‐negative bacteria.

Conversion of Geraniol into Useful Value-Added Products in the Presence of Catalysts of Natural Origin: Diatomite and Alum

“…Comparing the results presented in our previous publications, which described the process of transformation of GA with the use of sepiolite (a mineral from the silicate group, classified as clay minerals) [ 29 ] and clinoptilolite (a mineral from the group of silicates, included in the group of zeolites) [ 30 ], with these described in this paper, it was observed that the previously tested catalysts required longer reaction time, a much higher catalyst content and higher temperature to obtain high values of selectivity of the transformation to the appropriate products and the conversion of GA. In general, the presented studies showed that increasing in the temperature or extending the reaction time causes a decrease in the value of the selectivity of the formation of compounds that most likely decompose because their structure is not stable.…”

“…Thumbergol (one of the main products obtained in our work for studied in the presence of alum) is diterpene monocyclic alcohol used in cancer treatment This compound also shows neuroprotective [ 29 ] and antibacterial properties [ 30 , 31 ].…”

The amide derivative of anticopalic acid induces non-apoptotic cell death in triple-negative breast cancer cells by inhibiting FAK activation

“…In contrast to COPA, little is known about the bioactivities of ACP . To date, there have only been reports of the antimicrobial activity of ACP 16 , 28 and antifeedant activity against Spodoptera frugiperda of ACP and derivatives 9 . In view of the limited existing studies of the bioactivities of ACP and the potential use of ACP in natural product-based drug discovery, we embarked on the synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of ACP derivatives.…”