Liposomal Spherical Nucleic Acids for Regulating Long Noncoding RNAs in the Nucleus

Sprangers, Anthony J.; Hao, Liang; Banga, Resham J.; Mirkin, Chad A.

doi:10.1002/smll.201602753

Cited by 53 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In 2017, Sprangers et al prepared fluorescently labeled liposome‐cored SNAs with DNA oligonucleotides composed of a phosphorothioate (PS) backbone instead of the natural phosphodiester (PO) version, noting previous reports on the localization of free PS oligonucleotides inside the nucleus upon cellular entry via a Ras‐related nuclear protein–mediated pathway . After incubating A549 cells with SNAs with a PS backbone for 16 h, the authors detected significant intranuclear fluorescence by confocal imaging, evidence of intranuclear delivery (Figure C).…”

Section: Intracellular Fate Of Dna Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…ii) The DAPI (blue) and Cy5 (red) fluorescence near the center of the nucleus (yellow circle) was measured through the cell in the z ‐direction. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2017, John Wiley Sons, Inc. D) Distribution of tetrahedra that are appended with AS1411 aptamers and loaded with [Ir(ppy) 2 phen] + PF 6 complexes (Apts‐DNA@Ir) inside U251 glioma cells.…”

Section: Intracellular Fate Of Dna Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress toward Understanding the Interactions between DNA Nanostructures and the Cell

Chiu

Choi

2019

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Advances in DNA nanotechnology empower the programmable assembly of DNA building blocks (oligonucleotides and plasmids) into DNA nanostructures with precise architectural control. As DNA nanostructures are biocompatible and can naturally enter mammalian cells without the aid of transfection agents, they have found numerous biological or biomedical applications as delivery carriers of therapeutic and imaging cargoes into mammalian cells for at least a decade. Nevertheless, mechanistic studies on how DNA nanostructures interact with cells have remained limited and incomprehensive until 2–3 years ago. This Review presents the recent progress in elucidating the “cell–nano” interactions of DNA nanostructures, with an emphasis on three key classes of structures commonly utilized in intracellular applications: tile‐based structures, origami‐based structures, and nanoparticle‐templated structures. Structural parameters of DNA nanostructures and strategies of biochemical modification for promoting intracellular delivery are discussed. Biological mechanisms for cellular uptake, including specific pathways and receptors involved, are outlined. Routes of intracellular trafficking and degradation, together with strategies for re‐directing their trafficking, are delineated. This Review concludes with several aspects of the “bio–nano” interactions of DNA nanostructures that warrant future investigations.

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Section: Intracellular Fate Of Dna Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Intracellular Fate Of Dna Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress toward Understanding the Interactions between DNA Nanostructures and the Cell

Chiu

Choi

2019

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“…to develop a stable, safe, and efficient drug-delivery system to promote the delivery of ASOs of MALAT1. For example, Sprangers, Hao, Banga, and Mirkin (2017)…”

Section: Malat1 Serves As a Therapeutic Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functions and regulatory mechanisms of metastasis‐associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1

Chen

Huang

et al. 2018

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a long noncoding RNA whose transcript is around 8 kb in length. As an important stress response molecule, MALAT1 can be expressed differently under stress conditions, such as hypoxia, high glucose, hydrogen peroxide, ultraviolet irradiation, infection, and chemical stimulation. MALAT1 is involved in regulating multiple cell behaviors, such as proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, autophagy, and morphological maintenance. Extensive evidence show that MALAT1 plays critical roles in the physiopathological process of embryo implantation, angiogenesis, tissue inflammation, tumor progression, liver fibrosis, cardiovascular remodeling, and diabetes progression by regulating gene transcription, forming RNA-protein complexes with proteins as a structural component, regulating protein activity, assisting protein localization, mediating epigenetic changes, or by acting as a competing endogenous RNA. Furthermore, MALAT1 can affect the sensitivity of chemotherapy and radiotherapy; therefore, it could be used as a potential drug target for chemotherapy and radiotherapy sensitization. The levels of MALAT1 are reported to be overexpressed in most tumor tissues or sera, and the expression levels of MALAT1 often affect the tumor size, stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant invasion. Therefore, MALAT1 can be used as a biomarker for early diagnosis, severity assessment, or prognostic assessment. This review outlines the current understanding of the biological role and function of MALAT1. In the meantime, we have summarized the mechanisms involved in the reulation of MALAT1 expression and the mechanisms by which MALAT1 regulates the physiological and pathological processes.

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“…The radial alignment of nucleic acid and the 3D structure of the SNA with increases the surface area, bringing about abundant drug binding sites. Great effort is put on designing new SNA with biocompatible organic nanoparticles cores, including liposomes and polymer micelles and other biodegradable materials Banga et al, 2017a;Sprangers et al, 2017), which increase additional immune functionality and therapeutic effect. The immunomodulatory function of SNA is particularly notable.…”

Section: Spherical Nucleic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Nanostructure as an Efficient Drug Delivery Platform for Immunotherapy

Chi

Yang

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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Immunotherapy has received increasing attention due to its low potential side effects and high specificity. For instance, cancer immunotherapy has achieved great success. CpG is a well-known and commonly used immunotherapeutic and vaccine adjuvant, but it has the disadvantage of being unstable and low in efficacy and needs to be transported through an effective nanocarrier. With perfect structural programmability, permeability, and biocompatibility, DNA nanostructures are one of the most promising candidates to deliver immune components to realize immunotherapy. However, the instability and low capability of the payload of ordinary DNA assemblies limit the relevant applications. Consequently, DNA nanostructure with a firm structure, high drug payloads is highly desirable. In the paper, the latest progress of biostable, high-payload DNA nanoassemblies of various structures, including cage-like DNA nanostructure, DNA particles, DNA polypods, and DNA hydrogel, are reviewed. Cage-like DNA structures hold drug molecules firmly inside the structure and leave a large space within the cavity. These DNA nanostructures use their unique structure to carry abundant CpG, and their biocompatibility and size advantages to enter immune cells to achieve immunotherapy for various diseases. Part of the DNA nanostructures can also achieve more effective treatment in conjunction with other functional components such as aPD1, RNA, TLR ligands.

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Liposomal Spherical Nucleic Acids for Regulating Long Noncoding RNAs in the Nucleus

Cited by 53 publications

References 37 publications

Progress toward Understanding the Interactions between DNA Nanostructures and the Cell

Progress toward Understanding the Interactions between DNA Nanostructures and the Cell

Functions and regulatory mechanisms of metastasis‐associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1

DNA Nanostructure as an Efficient Drug Delivery Platform for Immunotherapy

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