Liquified dimethyl ether (DME): A green solvent for the extraction of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed oil

Subratti, Afraz; Lalgee, Lorale J.; Jalsa, Nigel Kevin

doi:10.1016/j.scp.2019.100144

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The optimal extraction conditions for hempseed oil are seed‐to‐solvent ratio of 10%, extraction temperature of 70°C and duration of 10 min, under which 85% of hempseed oil can be achieved (Kostić et al ., 2013). Ground hempseeds were reported having a 6–7% higher oil yield than unground hempseeds due to reduced diffusion distance (Subratti et al ., 2019). Solvent extraction of hempseed oil using n‐hexane is effective and inexpensive; however, some residual solvent may remain in the oil, which is unsuitable for human food or animal feed uses (Rajaei et al ., 2005).…”

Section: Hempseed Oil As Human Food Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to hempseed oil from supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, hempseed oil from pressurised n‐propane extraction has lower operating costs, due to the reduction of required pressure and solvent amount, higher antioxidant contents, and lower free fatty acid and moisture contents, thus is more stable (Grijó et al ., 2019). Liquified dimethyl ether was reported enabling to increase oil yield and reduce pigment contents in extracted hempseed oils in comparison with hexane (Subratti et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Hempseed Oil As Human Food Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Hempseed as a nutritious and healthy human food or animal feed source: a review

Jun

Zhao

et al. 2020

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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Summary Hempseed products are projected to receive great potentials due to the rapid growth in the US market. Industrial hemp has been an important crop for food, fibre and medicine applications. Hempseed products can be used as nutraceutical supplements and functional foods for human and can be applied for animal feed. This review provides a comprehensive summary of nutritional quality and health benefits of hempseed which is attributed to high levels of essential fatty acids and other PUFAs in the oil, with a rich source of essential amino acids in highly digestible protein. This review examines the impact of extraction methods on oil yield and bioactive compounds, nutrition value, and food application of hemp protein‐extracted products, including meal, protein isolate and protein concentrate. Recent research related to the understanding chemical composition, nutritional value, health benefits, processing impact, functional properties of hempseed products, and their application for food and feed is presented.

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Section: Hempseed Oil As Human Food Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hempseed Oil As Human Food Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Hempseed as a nutritious and healthy human food or animal feed source: a review

Jun

Zhao

et al. 2020

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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“…Very often, challenges with conventional solvents arise due to their toxicity and impact on the environment. And the DME received significant attention as an alternative solvent due to its nontoxic, environmentally friendly, easier to transport, potentially renewable and relatively cheap [ 35 ]. Even DME is safety for food industrials, since the residual DME present in food products is expected to be significantly below the lowest no-effect limit and in some cases below the detection limit which makes the extracted material potentially safe for consumption [ 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective lipid extraction from undewatered microalgae liquid using subcritical dimethyl ether

Wang

Oshita

Takaoka

2021

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background Recent studies of lipid extraction from microalgae have focused primarily on dewatered or dried samples, and the processes are simple with high lipid yield. Yet, the dewatering with drying step is energy intensive, which makes the energy input during the lipid production more than energy output from obtained lipid. Thus, exploring an extraction technique for just a thickened sample without the dewatering, drying and auxiliary operation (such as cell disruption) is very significant. Whereas lipid extraction from the thickened microalgae is complicated by the high water content involved, and traditional solvent, hence, cannot work well. Dimethyl ether (DME), a green solvent, featuring a high affinity for both water and organic compounds with an ability to penetrate the cell walls has the potential to achieve this goal. Results This study investigated an energy-saving method for lipid extraction using DME as the solvent with an entrainer solution (ethanol and acetone) for flocculation-thickened microalgae. Extraction efficiency was evaluated in terms of extraction time, DME dosage, entrainer dosage, and ethanol:acetone ratio. Optimal extraction occurred after 30 min using 4.2 mL DME per 1 mL microalgae, with an entrainer dosage of 8% at 1:2 ethanol:acetone. Raw lipid yields and its lipid component (represented by fatty acid methyl ester) contents were compared against those of common extraction methods (Bligh and Dryer, and Soxhlet). Thermal gravimetry/differential thermal analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and C/H/N elemental analyses were used to examine differences in lipids extracted using each of the evaluated methods. Considering influence of trace metals on biodiesel utilization, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy analyses were used to quantify trace metals in the extracted raw lipids, which revealed relatively high concentrations of Mg, Na, K, and Fe. Conclusions Our DME-based method recovered 26.4% of total raw lipids and 54.4% of total fatty acid methyl esters at first extraction with remnants being recovered by a 2nd extraction. In additional, the DME-based approach was more economical than other methods, because it enabled simultaneous dewatering with lipid extraction and no cell disruption was required. The trace metals of raw lipids indicated a purification demand in subsequent refining process.

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“…Many solvents have been successfully used to extract hemp seed oil with high yields. N-hexane and petroleum ether [ 141 ], dimethyl ether [ 142 ], ethanol [ 143 ] and isopropanol [ 144 ] have been used and optimized with regards to extraction time, temperature, and other extraction conditions.…”

Section: Food and Nutraceutical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa) as an Emerging Source for Value-Added Functional Food Ingredients and Nutraceuticals

et al. 2020

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Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L., Cannabaceae) is an ancient cultivated plant originating from Central Asia and historically has been a multi-use crop valued for its fiber, food, and medicinal uses. Various oriental and Asian cultures kept records of its production and numerous uses. Due to the similarities between industrial hemp (fiber and grain) and the narcotic/medical type of Cannabis, the production of industrial hemp was prohibited in most countries, wiping out centuries of learning and genetic resources. In the past two decades, most countries have legalized industrial hemp production, prompting a significant amount of research on the health benefits of hemp and hemp products. Current research is yet to verify the various health claims of the numerous commercially available hemp products. Hence, this review aims to compile recent advances in the science of industrial hemp, with respect to its use as value-added functional food ingredients/nutraceuticals and health benefits, while also highlighting gaps in our current knowledge and avenues of future research on this high-value multi-use plant for the global food chain.

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Liquified dimethyl ether (DME): A green solvent for the extraction of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed oil

Cited by 29 publications

References 41 publications

Hempseed as a nutritious and healthy human food or animal feed source: a review

Hempseed as a nutritious and healthy human food or animal feed source: a review

Effective lipid extraction from undewatered microalgae liquid using subcritical dimethyl ether

Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa) as an Emerging Source for Value-Added Functional Food Ingredients and Nutraceuticals

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