Lithium extraction from β-LiAlSi2O6 using Na2CO3 through thermal reaction

Grasso, M.L.; González, Jorge A.; Gennari, F.C.

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2021.107349

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…2.1.5. Salt roasting method In addition to leaching using acids and alkalis, salt roasting methods have also been reported, as shown in Table 1 [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58]. The main flow is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Direct Acid Leaching Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of lithium extraction from natural resources

Liu

Lü

et al. 2022

Int J Miner Metall Mater

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Lithium is considered to be the most important energy metal of the 21st century. Because of the development trend of global electrification, the consumption of lithium has increased significantly over the last decade, and it is foreseeable that its demand will continue to increase for a long time. Limited by the total amount of lithium on the market, lithium extraction from natural resources is still the first choice for the rapid development of emerging industries. This paper reviews the recent technological developments in the extraction of lithium from natural resources. Existing methods are summarized by the main resources, such as spodumene, lepidolite, and brine. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are compared. Finally, reasonable suggestions are proposed for the development of lithium extraction from natural resources based on the understanding of existing methods. This review provides a reference for the research, development, optimization, and industrial application of future processes.

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Section: Direct Acid Leaching Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reaction is shown in reaction (12). Santos et al [50] and Grasso et al [51] used Na 2 CO 3 mixed with NaCl and single Na 2 CO 3 to calcine βspodumene, respectively. The process is similar to the Na 2 CO 3 high-pressure leaching [45], as shown in reaction (13).…”

Section: Direct Acid Leaching Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of lithium extraction from natural resources

Liu

Lü

et al. 2022

Int J Miner Metall Mater

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“…This results in the precipitation of lithium carbonate, which is then further purified to obtain battery-grade lithium carbonate. The main reaction principle is illustrated in Equation (4) [ 62 , 63 , 64 ]. Due to its fluorine content, lithium mica requires roasting and defluorination with water vapor at temperatures ranging from 870 °C to 930 °C before autoclaving.…”

Section: The Current Lithium Extraction Process and Its Advantages An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Prospect of Ion Imprinting Technology in Targeted Extraction of Lithium

Zhi,

Duan,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Ion Imprinting Technology (IIT) is an innovative technique that produces Ion-Imprinted polymers (IIPs) capable of selectively extracting ions. IIPs exhibit strong specificity, excellent stability, and high practicality. Due to their superior characteristics, the application of IIPs for lithium resource extraction has garnered significant attention. This paper discusses the following aspects based on existing conventional processes for lithium extraction and the latest research progress in lithium IIPs: (1) a detailed exposition of existing lithium extraction processes, including comparisons and summaries; (2) classification, comparison, and summarization of the latest lithium IIPs based on different material types and methods; (3) summarization of the applications of various lithium IIPs, along with a brief description of future directions in the development of lithium IIP applications. Finally, the prospects for targeted recovery of lithium resources using lithium IIPs are presented.

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“…For example, Gustavo et al reacted β-spodumene with NaF for 1 h at 600 °C to obtain LiF, which enables Li recovery at a rate of 88.2% . Grasso et al tested two different reactions with β-spodumene, including NaOH at 300 °C and Na 2 CO 3 at 400 °C . They successfully extracted Li in the form of Li 2 CO 3 , with recovery rates of 91% and 86% after 5 and 10 h of heating with NaOH and Na 2 CO 3 , respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Lithium Extraction from α-Spodumene through Solid-State Reactions for Sustainable Li₂CO₃ Production

Wang,

Szymanski,

Fei

et al. 2024

Inorg. Chem.

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With increasing battery demand comes a need for diversified Li sources beyond brines. Among all Li-bearing minerals, spodumene is most often used for its high Li content and natural abundance. However, the traditional approach to process spodumene is costly and energy-intensive, requiring the mineral be transformed from its natural α to β phase at >1000 °C. Acid leaching is then applied, followed by neutralization to precipitate Li2CO3. In this work, we report an alternative method to extract Li directly from α-spodumene, which is performed at lower temperatures and avoids the use of acids. It is shown that Li2CO3 is formed with >90% yield at 750 °C by reacting α-spodumene with Na2CO3 and Al2O3. The addition of Al2O3 is critical to reduce the amount of Li2SiO3 that forms when only Na2CO3 is used, instead providing increased thermodynamic driving force to form NaAlSiO4 and Li2CO3 as the sole products. We find that this reaction is most effective at 4 h, after which volatility limits the yield. Following its extraction, Li2CO3 can be isolated by washing the sample using deionized water. This energy-saving and acid-free route to obtain Li2CO3 directly from spodumene can help meet the growing demand for Li.

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Lithium extraction from β-LiAlSi2O6 using Na2CO3 through thermal reaction

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

A review of lithium extraction from natural resources

A review of lithium extraction from natural resources

Progress and Prospect of Ion Imprinting Technology in Targeted Extraction of Lithium

Direct Lithium Extraction from α-Spodumene through Solid-State Reactions for Sustainable Li₂CO₃ Production

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Lithium extraction from β-LiAlSi2O6 using Na2CO3 through thermal reaction

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

A review of lithium extraction from natural resources

A review of lithium extraction from natural resources

Progress and Prospect of Ion Imprinting Technology in Targeted Extraction of Lithium

Direct Lithium Extraction from α-Spodumene through Solid-State Reactions for Sustainable Li2CO3 Production

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Product

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Direct Lithium Extraction from α-Spodumene through Solid-State Reactions for Sustainable Li₂CO₃ Production