Lithium Isotope Measurement Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Chemometrics

Wood, Jason C.; Shattan, Michael B.

doi:10.1177/0003702820953205

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The DP-LIBS technique was able to generate a lower density and temperature plasma suitable for isotope-resolved LAS measurements of Li compared to similar measurement with single pulse LIBS. Chemometric techniques were applied by Wood et al 342 to perform isotope-resolved measurement of Li using a spectrometer system with a 70 pm resolution even though the splitting of the 6Li and 7Li isotopes differs by only 20 pm. It was reported that bulk lithium isotopic assay can be determined using LIBS to within a 95% confidence interval in minutes to an hour for enrichment levels ranging from 3% to 85%.…”

Section: Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (Libs) Throughout the Nfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Ablation Plasmas and Spectroscopy for Nuclear Applications

Kwapis,

Borrero,

Latty

et al. 2023

Appl Spectrosc

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The development of measurement methodologies to detect and monitor nuclear-relevant materials remains a consistent and significant interest across the nuclear energy, nonproliferation, safeguards, and forensics communities. Optical spectroscopy of laser-produced plasmas is becoming an increasingly popular diagnostic technique to measure radiological and nuclear materials in the field without sample preparation, where current capabilities encompass the standoff, isotopically resolved and phase-identifiable (e.g., UO and UO[Formula: see text]) detection of elements across the periodic table. These methods rely on the process of laser ablation (LA), where a high-powered pulsed laser is used to excite a sample (solid, liquid, or gas) into a luminous microplasma that rapidly undergoes de-excitation through the emission of electromagnetic radiation, which serves as a spectroscopic fingerprint for that sample. This review focuses on LA plasmas and spectroscopy for nuclear applications, covering topics from the wide-area environmental sampling and atmospheric sensing of radionuclides to recent implementations of multivariate machine learning methods that work to enable the real-time analysis of spectrochemical measurements with an emphasis on fundamental research and development activities over the past two decades. Background on the physical breakdown mechanisms and interactions of matter with nanosecond and ultrafast laser pulses that lead to the generation of laser-produced microplasmas is provided, followed by a description of the transient spatiotemporal plasma conditions that control the behavior of spectroscopic signatures recorded by analytical methods in atomic and molecular spectroscopy. High-temperature chemical and thermodynamic processes governing reactive LA plasmas are also examined alongside investigations into the condensation pathways of the plasma, which are believed to serve as chemical surrogates for fallout particles formed in nuclear fireballs. Laser-supported absorption waves and laser-induced shockwaves that accompany LA plasmas are also discussed, which could provide insights into atmospheric ionization phenomena from strong shocks following nuclear detonations. Furthermore, the standoff detection of trace radioactive aerosols and fission gases is reviewed in the context of monitoring atmospheric radiation plumes and off-gas streams of molten salt reactors. Finally, concluding remarks will present future outlooks on the role of LA plasma spectroscopy in the nuclear community.

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Section: Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (Libs) Throughout the Nfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Ablation Plasmas and Spectroscopy for Nuclear Applications

Kwapis,

Borrero,

Latty

et al. 2023

Appl Spectrosc

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“…Wood et al demonstrated quantitative isotopic determination of Li in Li hydroxide monohydrate in a 40 mTorr Ar environment using in situ LIBS and chemometrics. 167 Three chemometric analysis techniques were applied, with Li determined in minutes to one hour for 3–85% enrichment levels. The study also showed the first isotope-specific self-absorption of atomic emission in a laser produced plasma.…”

Section: Inorganic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of metals, chemicals and materials

Carter¹,

Clough

Fisher

et al. 2022

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…2,9 Among these optical methods, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is most frequently used for isotopic analysis because of its non-intrusive nature and rapid in-eld use. [10][11][12][13] So far, LIBS has been successfully demonstrated for discriminating various nuclear-related materials isotopes such as U ( 235 U/ 238 U), 2,10 Pu ( 239 Pu/ 240 Pu), 14,15 Li ( 6 Li/ 7 Li), 12,16 and H ( 1 H/ 2 H). [17][18][19][20] LIBS has the ability to provide spatially resolved maps of H isotopes and perform depth proling.…”

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confidence: 99%