Lithographically Defined Three-Dimensional Graphene Structures

Xiao, Xiaoyin; Beechem, Thomas E.; Brumbach, Michael T.; Lambert, Timothy N.; Davis, Danae J.; Michael, Joseph R.; Washburn, Cody M.; Wang, Joseph; Brozik, Susan M.; Wheeler, David R.; Burckel, David Bruce; Polsky, Ronen

doi:10.1021/nn300655c

Cited by 155 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Usually, nickel is used as the sacrificial template and catalyst [91][92][93][94][95]. In addition, anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) [96], ZnO [97], pyrolyzed photoresist films [98] and SiO 2 [99] can be applied as the scaffold to build the 3D macroscopic structure.…”

Section: Template-assisted Cvd Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The New Graphene Family Materials: Synthesis and Applications in Oxygen Reduction Reaction

et al. 2016

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Graphene family materials, including graphene quantum dots (GQDs), graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and 3D graphene (3D-G), have attracted much research interest for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells and metal-air batteries, due to their unique structural characteristics, such as abundant activate sites, edge effects and the interconnected network. In this review, we summarize recent developments in fabricating various new graphene family materials and their applications for use as ORR electrocatalysts. These new graphene family materials play an important role in improving the ORR performance, thus promoting the practical use in metal-air batteries and fuel cells.

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Section: Template-assisted Cvd Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The New Graphene Family Materials: Synthesis and Applications in Oxygen Reduction Reaction

et al. 2016

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“…This is a multistep process involving creation of 3D carbon by interface lithography, followed by sputtering of 3D amorphous carbon with Ni and subsequent annealing at 750°C to convert 3D graphitic monoliths and accomplish acidic etching (Xiao et al, 2012). Here, 3D pyrolyzed photoresist films were used for the conversion of 3D porous graphene.…”

Section: Lithographical Templatementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Multifunctional Graphene Aerogels

Kotal

Kim

et al. 2016

Front. Mater.

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Two dimensional (2D) graphene has become one of the most intensively explored carbon allotropes in materials science owing to attractive features like its outstanding physicochemical properties. In order to further practical applications, the fabrication of self-assembled 2D individual graphene sheets into 3D graphene aerogels (GAs) with special structures and novel functions is now becoming essential. Moreover, GAs are ideal as supports for the introduction of nanoparticles, polymers, and functional materials to further enhance their applications in broad areas. GAs have light weight, large surface area, good compressibility, extensibility, and high electrical conductivity. They have been used as efficient electrodes for batteries, in supercapacitors, and in sensors and actuators. This critical review mainly addresses recent progress in the methods used for their synthesis, their properties, and applications for energy storage, and in sensors and actuators. Furthermore, to assist advanced research for practical applications of these emerging materials, the technical challenges are discussed, and future research directions are proposed.

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“…In order to overcome this obstacle, three-dimensional structured graphene networks with high surface area, large void volume and high electrical conductivity have been developed as candidates for fuel cell catalyst supports [22e24]. However, these preparation procedures, involving chemical vapor deposition on nickel foams [25] or interferometric lithography process [26], are complicated, expensive and high temperature is required. Therefore, it is necessary to develop some new methods to fabricate 3D graphene materials for the application of fuel cell catalyst supports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%