Load Balancing Opportunistic Routing for Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks

Abstract

Recent research activities have shown that opportunistic routing can achieve considerable performance gains in Cognitive Radio Ad hoc Networks (CRAHNs). Most of these studies focused on designing appropriate metrics to select and prioritize the forwarding candidates. However, in multiple-flow networks, a small number of nodes may always be with the higher priority order for different flows. Thus, some nodes may easily become overloaded with too much traffic and be severely congested. To overcome this problem, we propose a load balancing opportunistic routing (LBOR) scheme to maximize the total throughput of the whole network. We first formulate the problem of maximizing the total throughput of the network as a linear programming problem. Then, we develop heuristic load balancing candidate forwarder sorting and selection algorithms. Simulation results and comparisons demonstrate that our proposed LBOR scheme outperforms existing opportunistic routing protocols with nonload balancing methods in CRAHNs.

Hybrid strategy for reliable packet transfer and packet loss reduction in cognitive radio Ad-Hoc Network

“…An opportunistic routing protocol was proposed to increase the reliability in CRAHN [7]. In this links are scored using reliability metric and this score is used for next hop selection in the routing protocol.…”

Multi-Population Firefly Algorithm (Mfa) for Relay Assisted Efficient Routing in Cognitive Radio Ad-Hoc Networks (Crahn)

“…But it did not deliberate the suspension, dynamic ingestion and triumph level of data transfer. In LBOR [9], the metric of effective forwarding rate (EFR) is introduced, which indicates the success rate of data transmission of each candidate link in the opportunistic module. But it did not consider the delay, energy consumption, interference, traffic load parameters.…”

“…They offered a modest investigative exemplary of the suggested ECR in the perspective of network-wide dynamism and associate it with that of the ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing procedure. Wenxuan Duan et al [9] have suggested a load balancing opportunistic routing (LBOR) system to exploit the entire output of the entire system. They initially expressed the issue of exploiting the entire output of the system as a rectilinear encoding issue.…”

Bee inspired secured protocol for routing in cognitive radio ad hoc networks

“…A statistical test was conducted to validate the classifier. Load Balancing Opportunistic Routing (18) and Bee Inspired Agent Based Routing (19) proposed to enhance the routing process in CRAHN by without considering the security issues.…”