Load modulated arrays: a low-complexity antenna

Sedaghat, Mohammad Ali; Barousis, Vlasis I.; Müller, Ralf R.; Papadias, Constantinos B.

doi:10.1109/mcom.2016.7432147

Cited by 57 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The EA using our proposed algorithm is denoted by EA-P and the standard multiple antenna transmitter is denoted by SMA. For the simulation, we select three practical 2-element EAs with MC matries, Z (1) , Z (2) , and Z (3) , which has been considered in [1] and [14]. Without loss of generality P min = 0 and P max = {50, 100, 150}.…”

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in both these works, [1] and [2], no constraint on the transmission power of an EA was taken into consideration. This is not the case in actual systems as the practical power amplifier normally supports a limited peak power [3]. Such peak power considerations have led to the new research in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model based on the currents at the ports of the transmit antenna was introduced in [1] [3]. The authors in [1] provided the design conditions that an EA was required to satisfy in order to support stable transmission and a new EA was designed to satisfy the condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Multi-antenna transmission using ESPAR with peak power constraints

Zhou

Khan

Ratnarajah

et al. 2017

2017 25th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)

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Abstract-Electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) technology provides multi-antenna transmission with a single radio frequency (RF) unit. In order to achieve stable transmission using an ESPAR antenna (EA), two approaches have been proposed in literature. One is to increase the selfresistance of an EA, the other is to transmit signals closely approximating the actual signals that keep the EA stable. In both approaches, no constraint on the transmission power of an EA was considered. This is not the case in actual systems, as the practical power amplifier normally has limited peak power. Taking into account the limited power availability, an optimization problem is formulated with the objective to minimize the MSE between the currents corresponding to the ideal and the approximate transmission signals. The non-convex problem is solved analytically by coordination transformation and a novel algorithm is proposed. It is shown that the system employing the proposed transmission scheme gives similar performance to that of a standard multiple antenna system, especially at low SNRs. In addition, it is shown that increasing the self-resistance of an EA to achieve stability is highly power inefficient.

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Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Multi-antenna transmission using ESPAR with peak power constraints

Zhou

Khan

Ratnarajah

et al. 2017

2017 25th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)

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“…While multi-port matching networks could potentially alleviate the impact of MC, these are generally difficult to implement for the large antenna arrays considered in this paper [51], [52]. The global MC matrix is expressed as [17], [28] …”

Section: Mutual Coupling Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Performance of Spatially Correlated Large Antenna Arrays for Millimeter-Wave Frequencies

Neil

García‐Rodríguez

Smith

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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Abstract-A spatially correlated large antenna array operating at millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies is considered. Based on a Saleh-Valenzuela channel model, closed-form expressions of the three-dimensional spatial correlation (SC) for wide, narrow and Von Mises power elevation spectra (PES) are analytically derived. The effects of the PES on the convergence to massive multipleinput-multiple-output (MIMO) properties is then illustrated by defining and deriving a diagonal dominance metric. Numerically, the effects of antenna element mutual coupling (MC) is shown on the effective SC, eigenvalue structure and mmWave user rate for different antenna topologies. It is concluded that although MC can significantly reduce SC for side-by-side dipole antenna elements, the change in antenna effective gain (and therefore signal-to-noise ratio) caused by MC becomes a dominating effect and ultimately determines the antenna array performance. The user rate of a mmWave system with hybrid beamforming (HBF), using an orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm, is then shown for different antenna topologies with dipole and crosspolarized (x-pol) antenna elements. It is seen that even for small numbers of radio-frequency chains, the OMP algorithm works well relative to the fully digital case for channels with high SC, such as the x-pol antenna array.

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“…Pulse-width modulation on the feed of a passive antenna to control the symbol amplitude, which allows complex symbols to be produced with two linearly polarised antennas arranged orthogonally has been demonstrated, [3]. Another method is to vary the antenna load to control the antenna currents and so the constellation produced in the farfield [4]. Research has shown how the use of integrated active components in high-Q patch antennas can be used to amplitude modulate emitted signals, with the aim of operating with symbol rates beyond their bandwidths [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency selective surface loaded antenna for direct antenna modulation

Henthorn

Ford

O’Farrell

2017

2017 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP)

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Abstract-A reconfigurable antenna loaded with Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS) to achieve direct antenna phase modulation is presented and simulated. Placing FSS with integrated varactor diodes into a monopole-fed cavity allows control of the transmitted phase of a carrier signal with a bias voltage. As such, Direct Antenna Modulation (DAM) can be achieved, producing a phase modulator that can be included in a low complexity transmitter. Simulation shows such an antenna can achieve QPSK modulation with between 3.5dB and 4.5dB magnitude variation between constellation points with acceptable phase stability with radiation angle in the antenna 3dB beamwidth.Index Terms-reconfigurable antenna, frequency selective surfaces, phase shift keying.

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Load modulated arrays: a low-complexity antenna

Cited by 57 publications

References 11 publications

Multi-antenna transmission using ESPAR with peak power constraints

Multi-antenna transmission using ESPAR with peak power constraints

On the Performance of Spatially Correlated Large Antenna Arrays for Millimeter-Wave Frequencies

Frequency selective surface loaded antenna for direct antenna modulation

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