Local auxin biosynthesis is required for root regeneration after wounding

Matosevich, Rotem; Cohen, Itay; Gil-Yarom, Naama; Modrego, Abelardo; Friedlander-Shani, Lilach; Verna, Carla; Scarpella, Enrico; Efroni, Idan

doi:10.1038/s41477-020-0737-9

Cited by 67 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Our findings thus far suggest that BR determines the amount of auxin needed to maintain a meristematic state. To determine whether this principle extends beyond steady state, as in the process of meristem regeneration that depends on a critical elevation of auxin after wounding [38], we performed decapitation of the stem cell niche and added Kyn, BL, or BRZ. Addition of BL blocked meristem regeneration and this inhibitory effect of BL was limited to the first 24h after wounding, in agreement with the relatively low auxin levels at the incipient of meristem regeneration (Figure 4A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) lines were in the Columbia-0 (Col-0) background. The following lines were used: wei2,7 [37], yuc3yuc5yuc8yuc9 (yuc-q) [3], cpd [47], bin2-1 [52], bri1 (GABI_134E10) [53, 54] , bri1-116, brl1,brl3 and bri1,bil1,bil3 (triple mutant) are described in [11], DII-VENUS [32], DR5v2-ntdTomato–DR5-n3GFP [35], pIAAmotif-mScarlet-NLS , modified from [36] and pYUC9-VENUS [38]. Plates with sterilized seeds were stratified at 4°C for 2-5 days in dark.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Auxin requirements for a meristematic state in roots depend on a dual brassinosteroid function

Ackerman-Lavert

Fridman

Matosevich

et al. 2020

Preprint

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SummaryThe organization of the root meristem is maintained by a complex interplay between plant hormones signaling pathways that both interpret and determine their accumulation and distribution. Brassinosteroids (BR) and auxin signaling pathways control the number of meristematic cells in the Arabidopsis root, via an interaction that appears to involve contradicting molecular outcomes, with BR promoting auxin signaling input but also repressing its output. However, whether this seemingly incoherent effect is significant for meristem function is unclear. Here, we established that a dual effect of BR on auxin, with BR simultaneously promoting auxin biosynthesis and repressing auxin transcriptional output, is essential for meristem maintenance. Blocking BR-induced auxin synthesis resulted in rapid BR-mediated meristem loss. Conversely, plants with reduced BR levels were resistant to loss of auxin biosynthesis and these meristems maintained their normal morphology despite a 10-fold decrease in auxin levels. In agreement, injured root meristems which rely solely on local auxin synthesis, regenerated when both auxin and BR synthesis were inhibited. Use of BIN2 as a tool to selectively inhibit BR signaling, revealed meristems with distinct phenotypes depending on the perturbed tissue; meristem reminiscent of BR-deficient mutants or of high BR exposure. This enabled mapping BR-auxin interactions to the outer epidermis and lateral root cap tissues, and demonstrated the essentiality of BR signaling in these tissues for meristem maintenance. BR activity in internal tissues however, proved necessary to control BR homeostasis. Together, we demonstrate a basis for inter-tissue coordination and how a critical ratio between these hormones determines the meristematic state.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auxin requirements for a meristematic state in roots depend on a dual brassinosteroid function

Ackerman-Lavert

Fridman

Matosevich

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…However, similar to single cell death, no auxin biosynthesis could be observed during the recovery from vascular stem cell death (Canher et al, 2020). However, following full root tip excision, YUCCA9-dependent auxin biosynthesis was found to be indispensable to allow regeneration of a de novo tip (Matosevich et al, 2020). Among the key regeneration-related and wound-responsive transcription factors, several members of the AP2/ERF-type of transcription factors can be found, including ERF115, wound-induced dedifferentiation 1 (WIND1) and several plethora (PLT) members (Delessert et al, 2004;Iwase et al, 2011;Ikeuchi et al, 2013;Heyman et al, 2016).…”

Section: Rather Late Than Never: Accumulation Of Ethylene Aba and Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Auxin accumulates within a day at the wound site and directly activates expression of the WUSCHEL related homeobox 11 (WOX11) transcription factor, which works redundantly with WOX12 to enable the transition of the local cambium cells to root founder cells within 4 days following the cut (Liu et al, 2014;Hu and Xu, 2016). Accumulating evidence from recent publications on root regeneration emphasizes the importance of auxin during the replenishment of a single cell, a cluster of damaged root cells, or even regeneration of a complete de novo root tip (Canher et al, 2020;Hoermayer et al, 2020;Matosevich et al, 2020). Depending on the severity and type of damage, the mode of action that allows for sufficient auxin accumulation in order to facilitate the regeneration process varies.…”

Section: Rather Late Than Never: Accumulation Of Ethylene Aba and Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking Bad News: Dynamic Molecular Mechanisms of Wound Response in Plants

et al. 2020

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Recognition and repair of damaged tissue are an integral part of life. The failure of cells and tissues to appropriately respond to damage can lead to severe dysfunction and disease. Therefore, it is essential that we understand the molecular pathways of wound recognition and response. In this review, we aim to provide a broad overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying the fate of damaged cells and damage recognition in plants. Damaged cells release the so-called damage associated molecular patterns to warn the surrounding tissue. Local signaling through calcium (Ca2+), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and hormones, such as jasmonic acid, activates defense gene expression and local reinforcement of cell walls to seal off the wound and prevent evaporation and pathogen colonization. Depending on the severity of damage, Ca2+, ROS, and electrical signals can also spread throughout the plant to elicit a systemic defense response. Special emphasis is placed on the spatiotemporal dimension in order to obtain a mechanistic understanding of wound signaling in plants.

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“…Classical integration methods are usually unstable or very computationally expensive, resulting in either unmanageable or extremely inefficient simulations. Therefore, instead of a forced-based system we decided to implement the mechanical growth of Arabidopsis thaliana root using Position-Based Dynamics (PBD) 97 . PBD is a recent method used to simulate physical phenomena like cloth, deformation, fluids, fractures, rigidness and much more 98 .…”

Section: Physical-based Graphics Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A coupled mechano-biochemical framework for root meristem morphogenesis

Marconi

Gallemí

Benková

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Understanding how an independent organ develops from the stem cell populations in the process called morphogenesis is a pressing challenge in developmental biology and medicine. Plants build up new organs such as roots to adjust their bodies to dynamic changes in the environment, thereby providing a tractable model to address this challenge. Here, we combined empirical data with advanced computer modeling techniques to build a mechanistic cell-based framework for the morphogenesis of the plant root. Our framework relies on experimentally supported design principles underlying the multi-layered feedback between tissue mechanics, cell growth, and directional cell-to-cell transport of growth regulator auxin. Model simulations reconstruct experimentally-observed patterns of anisotropic growth, auxin distribution, and cell polarity, as well as several root phenotypes caused by chemical, mechanical, or genetic perturbations. Furthermore, our model provides new insights into mechanisms of sustained root growth and cell polarity establishment. This work reveals that mobile auxin signal feeds back on cell polarity and growth mechanics to instruct the morphogenesis of an independent organ.

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Local auxin biosynthesis is required for root regeneration after wounding

Cited by 67 publications

References 51 publications

Auxin requirements for a meristematic state in roots depend on a dual brassinosteroid function

Auxin requirements for a meristematic state in roots depend on a dual brassinosteroid function

Breaking Bad News: Dynamic Molecular Mechanisms of Wound Response in Plants

A coupled mechano-biochemical framework for root meristem morphogenesis

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