Local changes in arterial oxygen saturation induced by visible and near-infrared light radiation

Abstract

In this study, we investigate the efficiency of laser radiation on oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) rate in blood vessels and its wavelength dependence. The results of in vivo experimental measurements of the laser-induced photodissociation of HbO2 in cutaneous blood vessels in the visible and near-infrared (IR) spectral range are presented. Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) was measured by a method of fingertip pulse oximetry, which is based on the measurement of the modulated pulse wave of the blood. The light irradiating the finger was provided by corresponding light-emitting diodes (LED) at 15 wavelengths in the 400-940 nm spectrum range. Statistical results with a value of p < 0.05 were viewed as being significant for all volunteers. The results show that there is a decrease in SpO2 in the blood under the influence of the transcutaneous laser irradiation. Three maxima in the spectral range (530, 600, and 850 nm) are revealed, wherein decrease in the relative concentration of SpO2 reaches 5 % ± 0.5 %. Near-IR radiation plays a dominant role in absorption of laser radiation by oxyhemoglobin in deeper layers of tissue blood vessels. The obtained data correlate with the processes of light propagation in biological tissue. The observed reduction in SpO2 indicates the process of photodissociation of HbO2 in vivo and may result in local increase in O2 in the tissue. Such laser-induced enrichment of tissue oxygenation can be used in phototherapy of pathologies, where the elimination of local tissue hypoxia is critical.

Low-Level Light Therapy Protects Red Blood Cells Against Oxidative Stress and Hemolysis During Extracorporeal Circulation

“…An increase of oxy-Hgb concentration related with LLLT was also observed in vivo in humans during placebo-controlled studies ( Tian et al, 2016 ; Wang et al, 2016 ). On the other hand, Yesman et al (2016) observed the reduction in SpO 2 up to 5% which indicated the process of photodissociation of HbO 2 in vivo . However, despite the contradictory results, the final outcome of each study was an improvement of the tissue oxygenation as the LLLT can promote the release of oxygen from oxy-Hgb ( Asimov et al, 2006 ; Tian et al, 2016 ; Wang et al, 2016 ; Yesman et al, 2016 ; Xu et al, 2018 ).…”

Therapeutic potential of intranasal photobiomodulation therapy for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders: a narrative review

“…O 2 , carbon dioxide, nitric oxide (NO)] (Komorowska et al, 2002;Vladimirov et al, 2004;Lohr et al, 2009;Walski et al, 2015). The result of light-induced photodissociation of oxyhemoglobin is a decrease in arterial oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) in blood capillary vessels followed by significant enrichment of local tissue oxygenation (Asimov et al, 2007;Yesman et al, 2016;Gisbrecht et al, 2017). Evidence also suggests that hemoglobin can absorb 660 nm photons and can amplify the effect of laser irradiation on blood lymphocytes (Stadler et al, 2000).…”

Near-infrared photobiomodulation of blood reversibly inhibits platelet reactivity and reduces hemolysis

“…Moreover, quaternary transitions in Hb, dehydration of proteins of intact RBCs, and photodissociation of HbO 2 both in vitro and in vivo result in the local O 2 growth in the tissue due to exposition to NIR light were reported 42 , 43 . All the processes observed can be induced by the changes in water structure, which weaken the interactions between the water molecules and membrane surfaces and strengthen the hydrophobic effects.…”