Local HVDC grid operation with multiple TSO coordination at a global optimum

Abstract

The coordination of HVDC converters owned by different TSOs will raise the major question about operational responsibility of HVDC systems. The more complex HVDC system structures become and the more TSOs are involved in a single HVDC system the more important this question will become. This applies for meshed HVDC grids or even multiterminal HVDC systems owned by more than two TSOs. This paper proposes a transformation process for HVDC system operation starting with point-to-point HVDC links owned by two different TSOs up to multi-TSO operated HVDC grids. This transformation process can be seen as a starting point of a development to establish a single HVDC grid controller capable of operating at a global optimum. This concept paper also discusses analogies between AC and DC systems regarding stability and security categories.

Second‐order cone programming relaxation‐based optimal power flow with hybrid VSC‐HVDC transmission and active distribution networks

“…Furthermore, the renewable generation and voltage magnitudes in the active distribution network should satisfy the power flow equations. For the ith active distribution network, the branch flow model can be expressed as (see (6))…”

“…Recently, the HV direct current (HVDC) technology gains great popularity in power transmission due to its technical and economic advantages of long‐distance and high‐capacity transmission [5, 6]. Especially, the voltage source converters (VSCs) are suitable for HVDC systems, compared to the current source converters (CSCs) [7], since VSCs can regulate the reactive and active power in such a way to maintain the AC side voltage.…”