Local Imitations and Foreign Imported Goods. Some problems and new questions on Red Lustrous Wheel-made Ware in the light of the new excavations of the Southern Step Trench at Yumuktepe/Mersin

Manuelli, Federico

doi:10.1524/aofo.2009.0016

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Garstang's research focused on the north-western quarter of the mound, while the new excavations have been conducted with synchronous field operations at different elevations, on top of the mound, in a southern trench, and in the north-western area, right at the southern edge of the old exposure. Breniquet 1995;Caneva/Köroğlu 2010;Caneva/Sevin 2004;Garstang 1953;Jean 2006;Köroğlu 1998;Manuelli 2009. Garstang distinguished 33 levels labelled in Roman numerals, from newest to oldest.…”

Section: Topography and Excavation Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Stratigraphy of Cilicia

Novák¹,

D’Agata

Caneva

et al. 2017

Altorientalische Forschungen

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This article presents a preliminary comparative stratigraphy of excavated sites in Plain Cilicia and one in Rough Cilicia. It is the outcome of three workshops held in 2014, 2015 and 2017. Plain Cilicia at the junction of Anatolia, Syro-Mesopotamia and Cyprus is one of the most fertile regions of the Ancient Near East. In recent years, archaeological research in the region has intensified, re-opening questions of chronology. The comparative stratigraphy discussed in the workshops is presented here in form of a gazetteer of the participating sites and a chart. This is to be understood as a first step towards a more comprehensive chronology.Keywords: Cilicia, chronology, comparative stratigraphy Introduction (Fig. 1)Plain Cilicia (gr. Kilikia Pedias, lat. Cilicia Campestris) is an alluvial fan covering approximately 8000 km 2 and one of the most fertile regions in modern-day Turkey.1 It is located at the junction of Anatolia, SyroMesopotamia and Cyprus, defined by natural borders: the Taurus Range to the west and north, the Amanus to the east and the Mediterranean to the south. The plain is divided into a western part on the coast (Çukurova) and an eastern inland part (Yukarıova). Natural passes through the mountains give access to the neighbouring regions: the Göksu (gr. Kalykadnos) Valley connects Plain to Rough Cilicia (gr. Kilikia Tracheia, lat. Cilicia Aspera) to the west, the well-known Cilician Gates (Gülek Boğazı) north of Tarsus, the route from Kozan via Feke and the Gezbel Pass (Hittite-Kizzuwatnean Caravan Route) 2 connect the region with the central Anatolian plateau, the Bahçe (Amanus Gates) and the Belen Pass (Syrian Gates) with the İslahiye Plain and the Amuq respectively. A number of rivers, originating in the Taurus Mountains, cross the lowlands and discharge into the Mediterranean: the four most important are the Göksu (gr. Kalykadnos), the Berdan or Tarsus Çayı (gr. Kydnos), the Seyhan (hitt. Šamri/Sapara, gr. Saros) and the Ceyhan (hitt. Puruna (?), gr. Pyramos). The fertile alluvial plain allows both dry-farming and irrigation agriculture which have supported a dense settlement pattern since the Neolithic period.The archaeological richness of the region has been well-known since the early excavations by Hetty Goldman in Tarsus 9 Excavation has recently intensified in the region, although few projects have focused on new sites (Fig. 1). Nevertheless, new data has been steadily accumulating, providing insights into the cultural history and archaeology of the Cilician Plain. The importance of a solid chronology based on a thorough comparative stratigraphy of all investigated sites is apparent.The purpose of a series of workshops was to initiate a dialogue among active archaeological projects in the region. The first Cilician Chronology Workshop took place in the expedition house of Sirkeli Topography and Excavation AreasExcavation in the Bronze and Iron Age levels was largely confined to the north-western corner of the mound, and to a 40 m strip trench across the centre of the mound,...

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Section: Topography and Excavation Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%