Local order and valence state of Fe in urban suspended particulate matter

Iron Speciation of Natural and Anthropogenic Dust by Spectroscopic and Chemical Methods

“…As regards the E45 sample, the centroid position (7114.2eV) is quite close to that of the Saharan sample but the intensity is higher (0.09). These results are more similar to those obtained by d'Acapito et al [22] for an urban particulate matter, which shows a centroid position of about 7114.1 eV and an intensity around 0.18.…”

“…Moreover, XAS can be applied both for bulk and single-particle analyses, and thus provides in principle the possibility to investigate the structural features of minerals in atmospheric aerosols that may impact the environmental biogeochemistry. The complexity of investigating environmental matrices using XAS has been shown by several studies, where this technique has been applied to the characterization of atmospheric aerosols [18,19], and more specifically to urban particulate matter [20][21][22] and road dust [23]. The study of paleoclimatic archives of mineral dust, such as ice cores, has been achieved by applying an integrated experimental approach described by Marcelli et al [24], recently applied also by Baccolo et al [25].…”

Atomic spectrometry update – a review of advances in environmental analysis

“…Improvements in microwave-assisted extraction procedures included 217 generation of UV irradiation in situ in the digestion vessel to reduce acid consumption without compromising digestion efficiency in the analysis of seaweed by ICP-MS. Results obtained for As, Cd, and Pb when 0.7 g samples were treated with 2 M HNO 3 were comparable to those obtained using conventional microwave digestion with concentrated HNO 3 used the radionuclide 109 Cd as a tracer to show that extraction with a mixture of 1 M acetic, 0.72 M citric, 0.49 M lactic and 0.12 M oxalic acids gave a better estimation of Cd available to rocket (Eruca sativa) than extraction into DTPA, Mehlich-1 or Mehlich-3 reagents. An ammonium phosphate method 227 was optimised for extraction of labile As species from soil for determination by HPLC-ICP-MS. A two-level Plackett-Burman factorial design was used to identify variables affecting extraction efficiency, and then these were each optimised in turn using a univariate approach to give the nal recommended method in which 0.1 g soil was extracted with 30 mL of 40 mM NH 4 H 2 PO 4 , at 70 C for 120 min.…”

“…XANES was used to study the local order and valance state of Fe in urban PM 2.5 collected on lters. 109 Based upon a comparison with model compounds, fayalite (Fe 2+ ) and ferrihydrite (Fe 3+ ), Fe in samples was prevalent as Fe 3+ whereas EAFS data attributed this valent state to a nanocrystalline phase of ferrihydrite. The authors noted that ferrihydrite has never been shown to be associated with suspended urban dusts in previous literature or specic studies to investigate its toxicology.…”

The New Beamline LISA at ESRF: Performances and Perspectives for Earth and Environmental Sciences

“…Among the published works based on measurements performed at the beamline in the last few years, we point out the investigation of Tl contamination of the drinkable water from the public distribution system of Valdicastello Carducci-Pietrasanta (northern Tuscany, Italy) [9]; the study of As contamination of floodplain soils and groundwater from shallow aquifers [10,11]; the study of Fe chemical environment in asbestos and erionite mineral fibers [12]; the investigation of selenium (Se) and lead (Pb) accumulation, distribution, and speciation in edible plants [13,14]; the Fe speciation in urban particulate matter and industrial quartz dusts [15,16]; the investigation of amorphous zinc (Zn) biomineralization ("white mud"), occurring at Naracauli stream, Sardinia [17]; the Sb speciation in brake linings, brake pad wear residues, road dust, and atmospheric particulate matter [18]; the interaction of As-rich natural pyrite with aqueous selenite [Se (IV)] [19], and As speciation in travertines [20].…”