Local Scale Seismic Landslide Susceptibility Assessment Based on Historic Earthquake Records Combined with Accelerometer Monitoring and Ambient Noise Data

Wąsowski, J.; Gaudio, Vincenzo Del; Casarano, D.; Lollino, Piernicola; Muscillo, Sandro

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-32238-9_2

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…At present it is unclear what factors may determine the directivity at T6 and, to a minor extent, at T6N. The exact location of the 1627 landslide detachment zone and the main sliding direction are somewhat uncertain (Wasowski et al, 2013). Nevertheless, considering the WSW-facing slope geometry, it seems likely that slide movement direction is close to being orthogonal to the response directivity at T6 as indicated by noise analysis.…”

Section: Measurements At Other Landslide-prone Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New developments in ambient noise analysis to characterise the seismic response of landslide prone slopes

Gaudio¹,

Wąsowski²,

Muscillo³

2013

Preprint

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Abstract. We report on new developments in the application of ambient noise analysis applied to investigate the dynamic response of landslide prone slopes to seismic shaking with special attention to the directional resonance phenomena recognised in previous studies. Investigations relying on the calculation of horizontal-to-vertical noise spectral ratio (HVNR) were carried out in the area of Caramanico Terme (central Italy) where an ongoing accelerometer monitoring on slopes with different characteristics offers the possibility of validation of HVNR analysis. The noise measurements, carried out in different times to test the result repeatability, revealed that sites affected by response directivity persistently show major peaks with a common orientation consistent with the resonance direction inferred from accelerometer data. At sites where directivity is absent, the HVNR peaks do not generally show a preferential orientation, with rare exceptions that could be linked to the presence of temporarily active sources of polarised noise. The observed spectral ratio amplitude variations can be related to temporal changes in site conditions, which can hinder the recognition of main resonance frequencies. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct simultaneous measurements at nearby sites within the same study area and to repeat measurements at different times in order to distinguish significant systematic polarisation caused by site specific response directivity from polarisation controlled by properties of noise sources. Furthermore, an analysis of persistence in noise recordings of signals with systematic directivity showed that only a~portion of recordings contains wave trains having a clear polarisation representative of site directional resonance. Thus a careful selection of signals for HVNR analysis is needed for a correct characterisation of site directional properties.

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Section: Measurements At Other Landslide-prone Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New developments in ambient noise analysis to characterise the seismic response of landslide prone slopes

Gaudio¹,

Wąsowski²,

Muscillo³

2013

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, toe clustering of co-seismic landslides appears to be explained at the first order by geological and structural controls. These controls add to any effects of possible downslope seismic amplification due to surface wave generation or directional effects (Pilz et al, 2018;Wasowski et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic and geologic controls on spatial clustering of landslides in three large earthquakes

Rault¹,

Robert

Marc

et al. 2019

Earth Surf. Dynam.

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The large, shallow earthquakes at Northridge, California (1994), Chi-Chi, Taiwan (1999), and Wenchuan, China (2008), each triggered thousands of landslides. We have determined the position of these landslides along hillslopes, normalizing for statistical bias. The landslide patterns have a co-seismic signature, with clustering at ridge crests and slope toes. A cross-check against rainfall-induced landslide inventories seems to confirm that crest clustering is specific to seismic triggering as observed in previous studies. In our three study areas, the seismic ground motion parameters and lithologic and topographic features used do not seem to exert a primary control on the observed patterns of landslide clustering. However, we show that at the scale of the epicentral area, crest and toe clustering occur in areas with specific geological features. Toe clustering of seismically induced landslides tends to occur along regional major faults. Crest clustering is concentrated at sites where the lithology along hillslopes is approximately uniform, or made of alternating soft and hard strata, and without strong overprint of geological structures. Although earthquake-induced landslides locate higher on hillslopes in a statistically significant way, geological features strongly modulate the landslide position along the hillslopes. As a result the observation of landslide clustering on topographic ridges cannot be used as a definite indicator of the topographic amplification of ground shaking.

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“…The failure was triggered in 1627 by a magnitude 6.7-7 earthquake which occurred about 120 km from Caramanico. The long distance from the earthquake source suggested that site amplification was a factor in landslide triggering (Wasowski et al, 2013).…”

Section: Study Area Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exact location of the 1627 landslide detachment zone and the main sliding direction are somewhat uncertain (Wasowski et al, 2013). Nevertheless, considering the WSW-facing slope geometry, it seems likely that slide movement direction is close to being orthogonal to the response directivity at T6 as indicated by noise analysis.…”

Section: Measurements At Other Landslide-prone Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New developments in ambient noise analysis to characterise the seismic response of landslide-prone slopes

Gaudio

Wąsowski

Muscillo

2013

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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We report on new developments in the application of ambient noise analysis applied to investigate the dynamic response of landslide-prone slopes to seismic shaking, with special attention to the directional resonance phenomena recognised in previous studies. These phenomena can be relevant for seismic slope susceptibility, especially when maximum resonance orientation is close to potential sliding directions. Therefore, the implementation of an effective technique for site response directivity detection is of general interest. In this regard methods based on the calculation of horizontal-to-vertical noise spectral ratio (HVNR) are promising. The applicability of such methods is investigated in the area of Caramanico Terme (central Italy), where ongoing accelerometer monitoring of slopes with different characteristics offers the possibility of validation of HVNR analysis. The noise measurements, carried out in different times to test the result repeatability, revealed that sites affected by response directivity persistently show major peaks with a common orientation, consistent with the resonance direction inferred from accelerometer data. In some cases such a directivity turned out parallel to maximum slope direction, but this cannot be considered a systematic feature of slope dynamic response. At sites where directivity is absent, the HVNR peaks do not generally show a preferential orientation, with rare exceptions that could be linked to the presence of temporarily active sources of polarised noise. The observed variations of spectral ratio amplitude can be related to temporal changes in site conditions (e.g. groundwater level/soil water content variations affecting P wave velocity and Poisson's ratio of surficial layer), which can hinder the recognition of main resonance frequencies. Therefore, we recommend conducting simultaneous measurements at nearby sites within the same study area and repeating measurements at different times in order to distinguish significant systematic polarisation caused by site-specific response directivity from polarisation controlled by properties of noise sources. Furthermore, an analysis of persistence in noise recordings of signals with systematic directivity showed that only a portion of recordings contains wave trains having a clear polarisation representative of site directional resonance. Thus a careful selection of signals for HVNR analysis is needed for a correct characterisation of site directional properties

show abstract

Local Scale Seismic Landslide Susceptibility Assessment Based on Historic Earthquake Records Combined with Accelerometer Monitoring and Ambient Noise Data

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

New developments in ambient noise analysis to characterise the seismic response of landslide prone slopes

New developments in ambient noise analysis to characterise the seismic response of landslide prone slopes

Seismic and geologic controls on spatial clustering of landslides in three large earthquakes

New developments in ambient noise analysis to characterise the seismic response of landslide-prone slopes

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