Local Voltage Control Strategies for PV Storage Systems in Distribution Grids

Appen, Jan von; Stetz, Thomas A.; Braun, Martin; Schmiegel, Armin U.

doi:10.1109/tsg.2013.2291116

Cited by 216 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…By 2015, more than 12'000 such systems were installed in Germany [13]. As shown by [14], active power curtailment allows for stabilizing the grid voltage. Imposing a feed-in limit is a simple and efficient method to avoid high injection peaks and to hence minimize grid disturbances allowing for higher PV penetration [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control algorithm for a residential photovoltaic system with storage

2017

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High penetration of photovoltaic (PV) electricity could affect the stability of the low-voltage grid due to over-voltage and transformer overloading at times of peak production. Residential battery storage can smooth out those peaks and hence contribute to grid stability. A feed-in limit allows for the easy setting of a maximum power injection cap and motivates PV owners to increase their self-consumption. A simple control strategy for a residential battery system coupled with a PV system that maximizes selfconsumption and minimizes curtailment losses due to a feed-in limit is presented. The algorithm used in this strategy does not require a forecast of insulation conditions. The performance of this algorithm is compared to a second algorithm-a control strategy based on linear optimization using a forecast. Assuming an exact forecast, this second algorithm is very close to the maximum self-consumption and minimum curtailment losses achievable and can be used to benchmark the simple strategy. The results show that the simple strategy performs as well as the second algorithm with exact forecasts and performs significantly better than the second algorithm using real forecasts. Moreover, it is shown that this result is valid for a large range of storage capacities and PV sizes. Furthermore, it is shown that with a time resolution of 15 minutes for the input data (the resolution of most PV production and load data) self-consumption is overestimated by about 3 % and curtailment losses are underestimated by the same amount. Load sensitivity simulations show that different load curve shapes do not fundamentally change the results. Finally, to assess the effect of load aggregation, the case where the strategy is applied separately to 44 households with storage is compared to the case where it is applied to a centralized storage system of the same size as the total storage of the 44 households. The reduction of the curtailment losses with the number of aggregated houses is showed.Keywords: Photovoltaic (PV), Home storage system, Battery management strategy, PV integration into the electrical grid Highlights• A control strategy for a battery system coupled with a PV system is presented.• With a feed-in limit this strategy does not need a PV production forecast.• This strategy performs as well as a strategy relying on an exact forecast.• A relatively small storage size allows peak injection reduction of 50 %.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, control strategies that minimize those losses and maximize self-consumption are needed. Alternative strategies than a fixed feed-in limit prevent injection peaks are described in [17,18,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control algorithm for a residential photovoltaic system with storage

2017

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“…This simplifies the cost sacrificing accuracy, but considering the complexity of power flow equations and the scope of the paper this is a reasonable assumption. The mathematical expression of the n order Taylor series can be seen in equation (29).…”

Section: G Power Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the different uses of the batteries are not analysed. A voltage control analysis is performed in [29], but considers that PV and battery are connected to the same bus being the main focus voltage control through the PV inverter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Quality in Smart Distribution Systems with Electric Battery, Large Loads and PV Generation.

Ortiz¹,

Petersen²,

Mikut³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the 13th International Renewable Energy Storage Conference 2019 (IRES 2019)

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A change in the electricity consumption is taking place, where one of the main reasons is the large increase in Distributed Generation, as photovoltaic (PV) systems and electric batteries in the low voltage (LV) distribution grid. This could translate in specific cases into a situation of increased peak load and bigger voltage fluctuation. Therefore, an effective control of the grid voltage is necessary to achieve a stable energy supply from renewable sources. What services can a battery provide? The authors present an analysis of voltage control and other battery services in a LV grid. A flexible model based on Python is developed and used to solve a multi-period optimal power flow problem. They propose an optimised distributed voltage regulation. The power flow equations are linearised around a stable operation point, which allows high feasibility and computation speed. Then a receding horizon framework is described, including 24h and 1h updated forecasts. The analysis is performed on a LV network with large loads of a stadium, large PV generation (690kWp) and with a 1MWh battery. The new method provides an optimization of the grid operation (reduced voltage variation and cost of energy imported from the grid) under different seasonal weeks. Index Terms-Battery use, voltage control, complex power, multi-period optimal power flow, receding horizon, low voltage, PV

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“…A clear-sky day, the May 28th, 2013, is selected as the simulation scenario. Load profiles of households are generated according to German statistics [22]. These profiles describe the electric power consumption of different types of households with the time resolution of 1 s. Table 1 Investigated strategies for voltage control and generation dispatch.…”

Section: Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal generation dispatch of distributed generators considering fair contribution to grid voltage control

Kaufmann

Töbermann

et al. 2016

Renewable Energy

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This paper investigates voltage control and generation dispatch of distributed generators (DGs) and how the operation of installed DGs can be optimized in distribution systems. A novel online generation dispatch algorithm for DGs is proposed in this work. This algorithm optimizes the contribution of individual DG units for grid voltage control in terms of costs. The technical advantages of the presented approach are evaluated by comparing the simulation results with various static and local dispatch control strategies, which can be considered currently as state-of-the-art according to technical standards and recent research. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method decreases the total cost for DG, improves the quality of voltage profiles and guarantees for each DG unit the opportunity to provide a fair amount of ancillary service to the grid. Additionally, through a performance test on a real time simulation platform it is concluded that the presented approach is also suitable for large grids in real time operation

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Local Voltage Control Strategies for PV Storage Systems in Distribution Grids

Cited by 216 publications

References 12 publications

Control algorithm for a residential photovoltaic system with storage

Control algorithm for a residential photovoltaic system with storage

Power Quality in Smart Distribution Systems with Electric Battery, Large Loads and PV Generation.

Optimal generation dispatch of distributed generators considering fair contribution to grid voltage control

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