Localization and quantitation of lithium in rat tissue following intraperitoneal injections of lithium chloride

Effects of chronic lithium administration on rat brain phosphatidylinositol cycle constituents, membrane phospholipids and amino acids

“…Previous rat studies reported an increase of brain lithium levels with increasing levels of lithium administered acutely to rats, with the brain lithium levels approaching the corresponding serum levels [74]. Six independent rat studies found an average brain‐to‐serum ratio of 0.93±0.14 after at least 2 weeks of lithium administration [75–81]. Ramaprasad et al [81] reported essentially unchanged lithium concentrations in rat brain over 20 h after 3 days of lithium administration.…”

Electroencephalographic patterns of lithium poisoning: a study of the effect/concentration relationships in the rat

“…Only two EEG channels were utilized and one EEG‐specialized investigator was involved in the EEG analysis. The EEG electrode implanted in the frontal cortex only allowed a single location measurement that did not reflect the inhomogeneous brain Li distribution, previously reported in rats as well as in monkeys and in humans based on postmortem or 7 Li imaging studies . Thus, to address this concern, we correlated our EEG measurements with the Li concentrations quantified in the frontal cortex.…”

Investigation of lithium distribution in the rat brain ex vivo using lithium‐7 magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging at 17.2 T

“…In this study, we established a three-dimensional 7 Li MRI protocol at 17.2 T and conducted an initial ex vivo brain Li distribution study in chronically Li-treated rats using therapeutic dosage regimens. Our results were in agreement with previous studies using either 7 Li NMR 12,13,15,16,18 or other analysis techniques, such as atomic absorption spectroscopy 27,28 or radiographic dielectric track registration. 29 As illustrated in Figure 4, Li was unevenly distributed throughout the brain (from 0.4 to 1.4), with consistently lower concentrations in the metencephalon and higher concentrations in the cortex, mostly near the somatosensory areas.…”