Localized synergies between heat waves and urban heat islands: Implications on human thermal comfort and urban heat management

He, Bao‐Jie; Wang, Junsong; Liu, Huimin; Ulpiani, Giulia

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.110584

Cited by 279 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In these parts of the city, SUHI was exacerbated, perhaps caused by the presence of informal settlements in peri-urban areas that create densely built-up sites. Houses in informal settlements are often poorly constructed, which means that many are unlikely to withstand climate impacts and lack adequate air circulation or insulation, which is particularly threatening for vulnerable groups during heat waves [ 9 , 98 ]. Even these SUHI intensity changes do not provide direct evidence of the unprecedented challenge of human health, wellbeing and economic development [ 99 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The UHI effect not only alters the environment in urban areas including net primary production, biodiversity, water and air quality [ 5 , 6 ], but also affects human health and well-being, increasing the risk of heat-related morbidity and mortality [ 7 , 8 ]. Typically, urban heat problems will be exacerbated by the combined impact of heat waves and UHI, when taking future climate projection into consideration [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How urbanisation alters the intensity of the urban heat island in a tropical African city

2021

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Due to the combined effects of urban growth and climate change, rapid urbanisation is particularly challenging in African cities. Areas that will house a large proportion of the urban population in the future coincide with where natural hazards are expected to occur, and where hazard risk management institutions, knowledge, and capacity are often lacking. One of the challenges posed by rapid urbanisation is the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, whereby urban areas are warmer than the surrounding rural areas. This study investigates urbanisation patterns and alterations in surface UHI (SUHI) intensity for the Kampala urban cluster, Uganda. Analyses show that between 1995 and 2017, Kampala underwent extensive changes to its urban built-up area. From the centre of the city to adjoining non-built up areas in all directions, the urban land cover increased from 12,133 ha in 1995 to 25,389 ha in 2016. The area of SUHI intensity in Kampala expanded significantly over the 15-year period of study, expanding from 22,910 ha in 2003 to 27,900 ha in 2016, while the annual daytime SUHI of 2.2°C in 2003 had decreased to 1.9°C by 2017. Although SUHI intensity decreased in some parts of the city, elsewhere it increased, suggesting that urbanisation does not always lead to a deterioration of environmental conditions. We postulate that urban development may therefore not necessarily create an undesirable impact on local climate if it is properly managed. Rapidly growing cities in Africa and elsewhere should ensure that the dynamics of their development are directed towards mitigating potentially harmful environmental impacts, such as UHI effect through careful planning that considers both bluespaces and greenspaces.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How urbanisation alters the intensity of the urban heat island in a tropical African city

2021

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“…Urban morphology can alter the surrounding environment, and it is commonly known that the urban heat island phenomenon is a consequence of air temperature rises caused by solar energy gain and heat energy emitted into the atmosphere leading to the non-uniform spatial distribution of surface air temperatures. One of the main contributors to this is heat stored by the huge urban thermal mass infrastructures, such as buildings [11,12]. Building thermal load is mainly decided by the net amount of solar energy gain, and conductive and convective energy loss from indoor to the outdoor environment.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact Analysis of Urban Morphology on Residential District Heat Energy Demand and Microclimate Based on Field Measurement Data

Wang

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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In this work, we focus on investigating the relationship between urban morphology parameters and residential building space heating energy performance, comparing microclimate conditions of existing residential blocks with central heating supply. Firstly, a dataset composed of district morphological parameters that measured heat energy consumption was established. Then, effects of morphological indicators including cover ratio, average building height, and floor area ratio on building space heating energy efficiency were assessed specifically. Analysis results show that a larger floor area ratio induced a reduction in heating energy consumption density, the observed effect is notable at an initial increase of floor area ratio. Thirdly, the case study shows that the heating load of residential districts with a high built density is more sensitive to solar radiation. To further assess how and to what extent urban forms alter microclimates, on-site measurement investigated detailed changes in the thermal environment of selected residential districts before and after the operational stage of central heating supply. Analysis results demonstrate that heat energy delivered by a central heating supply could dampen the variations of local outdoor air temperatures, more notable for residential districts with a higher floor area ratio during the night period. Findings from this work would be useful for urban planners considering energy-efficient design practices.

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“…There were various synergies between heat wave and UHI as the varied spatially based on urban development patterns and geographic conditions [84]. Many countries and region have developed other kinds of UHI mitigation strategies for urban development, and beyond looking at entire cities' development, it is important to take the climate condition and climate projections into account at the local scale.…”

Section: Climate Change and Urbanisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Urban Heat Island Intensity: Implications for East Africa’s Urban Development

Stringer

Dallimer

2021

Climate

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Due to the combination of climate change and the rapid growth in urban populations in Africa, many urban areas are encountering exacerbated urban heat island (UHI) effects. It is important to understand UHI effects in order to develop suitable adaptation and mitigation strategies. However, little work has been done in this regard in Africa. In this study, we compared surface UHI (SUHI) effects between cities located in different climate zones in East Africa, investigating how they change, both spatially and temporally. We quantified the annual daytime and night-time SUHI intensities in the five most populated cities in East Africa in 2003 and 2017, and investigated the links to urban area size. We consider the possible drivers of SUHI change and consider the implication for future development, highlighting the role of factors such as topography and building/construction materials. We suggest that UHI mitigation strategies targeting East African cities may benefit from more comprehensive analyses of blue and green infrastructure as this offers potential opportunities to enhance human comfort in areas where UHI effects are highest. However, this needs careful planning to avoid increasing associated issues such as disease risks linked to a changing climate.

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Localized synergies between heat waves and urban heat islands: Implications on human thermal comfort and urban heat management

Cited by 279 publications

References 39 publications

How urbanisation alters the intensity of the urban heat island in a tropical African city

How urbanisation alters the intensity of the urban heat island in a tropical African city

Impact Analysis of Urban Morphology on Residential District Heat Energy Demand and Microclimate Based on Field Measurement Data

The Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Urban Heat Island Intensity: Implications for East Africa’s Urban Development

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