Location and Appropriation in the Arctic: An Integrative Zooarchaeological Approach to Historic Inuit Household Economies

Henshaw, Anne

doi:10.1006/jaar.1998.0333

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Specifically, the latter studies showed that historic Inuit in the area, ethnographically identified as the Nugumiut by Boas (1964), enjoyed a great deal of economic autonomy and political independence during several phases of colonial expansion into the eastern Canadian Arctic. In part, Nugumiut were able to maintain this autonomy because of their marginal position relative to European centers of activity and through their own social mechanisms that reinforced intra-group cohesion (Henshaw, 1999). But this explanation provides only a partial understanding of what attracted Inuit to this area in the first place and what role (if any) the environment played in shaping the history that unfolded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A.D. 1850Inuit (ca. A.D. -1930, which consisted of prolonged interaction of Inuit with fur trappers/traders, Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), and missionaries who worked in the region (Henshaw, 1999). The long time span represented by the protohistoric period is a broad estimate based on calibrated C14 date ranges associated with the site of Kamaiyuk.…”

Section: Archaeological Excavations In Outer Frobisher Baymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They come from three historic Inuit habitation sites in outer Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island: Kamaiyuk, Kuyait, and Kussegeerarkjuan ( Fig. 1) (Alsford, 1993;Henshaw, 2000). Thirteen habitations were excavated over the course of two summer field seasons.…”

Section: Archaeological Excavations In Outer Frobisher Baymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research examining historic Inuit populations in outer Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island, employed a similar approach to help explain the cultural continuity that persisted in this area despite changing social and environmental conditions over the last 500 years (Henshaw, 1999(Henshaw, , 2000. Specifically, the latter studies showed that historic Inuit in the area, ethnographically identified as the Nugumiut by Boas (1964), enjoyed a great deal of economic autonomy and political independence during several phases of colonial expansion into the eastern Canadian Arctic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polynyas and Ice Edge Habitats in Cultural Context : Archaeological Perspectives from Southeast Baffin Island

Henshaw¹

2003

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. A combination of paleoclimatic proxies, zooarchaeological data from historic Inuit habitation sites, and Geographic Information System (GIS) studies of modern sea-ice extremes were used to track the changing size and shape in modern times of a polynya situated in outer Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island. From these data, inferences were drawn about historic Inuit settlement patterns and subsistence strategies in the region over the last 500 years. Results of the analysis show that during episodes of cooling temperatures and increased ice severity, the polynya decreases in size and is more localized in outer Frobisher Bay. During warmer periods, the polynya increases in size, extending its ice edge habitat significantly towards the head of Frobisher Bay. These findings, as well as zooarchaeological studies from the outer Bay region that show extensive use of the floe edge habitat, suggest that the present-day polynya was an important factor in attracting various migrations of people to this area, beginning as early as the 14th century. The polynya represented not only a predictable food source on which Inuit could depend during periods of high climatic variability, but also a reliable economic base that allowed them to maintain a high degree of autonomy throughout the different phases of European contact history. The findings discussed in this study are presented at two spatial scales in order to draw connections between regional patterns of sea-ice distribution and Inuit settlement and more local patterns of human response and adaptation.Key words: historic Inuit, paleoclimate, zooarchaeology, sea ice, polynyas, Baffin Island, incremental analysis, Phoca hispida, seasonality, age determination RÉSUMÉ. On a fait appel à une combinaison de données paléoclimatiques indirectes, de données zooarchéologiques provenant de sites d'habitations inuits historiques et d'études sur les extrêmes actuels de glace marine réalisées à l'aide d'un Système d'information géographique (SIG) afin de suivre les changements dans la dimension et la forme actuelles d'une polynie située au large de la baie Frobisher, dans l'île de Baffin. On a tiré de ces données certaines hypothèses concernant les schémas historiques de peuplement inuit et les stratégies de subsistance qui ont prévalu dans cette région au cours des derniers 500 ans. Les résultats de l'analyse montrent que, durant des épisodes de refroidissement de la température et d'augmentation de la rigueur de la glace, la polynie diminue en taille et qu'elle est localisée plus au large de la baie Frobisher. Au cours de périodes plus chaudes, la polynie augmente en taille, étendant sensiblement son habitat en bordure des glaces vers le fond de la baie. Ces résultats, joints aux études zooarchéologiques sur la région au large de la baie, qui révèlent une utilisation généralisée de l'habitat situé à la limite de dislocation, suggèrent que la polynie actuelle constituait un élément majeur dans l'attrait de la région pour diverses vagues de migration humaine, et ce, dès le XIV e siècle...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Archaeological Excavations In Outer Frobisher Baymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Archaeological Excavations In Outer Frobisher Baymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polynyas and Ice Edge Habitats in Cultural Context : Archaeological Perspectives from Southeast Baffin Island

Henshaw¹

2003

ARCTIC

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“…Este tipo de remontajes son los más "fáciles" de realizar dada la naturaleza de los materiales y también es el método más abundante en la literatura arqueológica (e.g. Hofman y Enloe 1992;Hofman 1986;Villa 1982;Henshaw 1999;Bravo 2001;Marín Arroyo 2004;Morin et al, 2005;Fernández-Laso 2010;Rosell et al, 2012;Gabucio 2014). Generalmente se utilizan para facilitar la identificación de los fragmentos indeterminados anatómica y taxonómicamente (e.g.…”

Section: Los Remontajes óSeosunclassified

Aportaciones De Los Remontajes Óseos en Los Estudios Zooarqueológicos, Tafonómicos Y De Arqueología Espacial

Fernández-Laso¹

2017

Revista Otarq

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Resumen:Los remontajes óseos pueden aportarnos información relevante en los estudios zooarqueológicos, tafonómicos y de arqueología espacial. En zooarqueología nos permiten, entre otros, la reconstrucción de los huesos fracturados, mejorar los porcentajes de identificación anatómica y taxónomica de los restos óseos, y el cálculo del número de elementos identificados por especie (NISP), el número mínimo de elementos (NME) y el número mínimo de individuos (NMI); también nos permiten evaluar la integridad de un conjunto óseo, e inferir aspectos del procesamiento de animales por parte de los humanos, carnívoros u otros agentes tafonómicos. En los estudios tafonómicos nos aportan por ejemplo información sobre los procesos de formación de los yacimientos arqueológicos, nos permiten resolver problemas estratigráficos, reconocer desplazamientos horizontales/ verticales de los huesos, o identificar procesos postdeposicionales. Y en la arqueología espacial, en Paleolítico, pueden ayudarnos en la reconstrucción de los patrones de movilidad de los homínidos, por ejemplo identificar áreas de actividad, procesado de animales, o su relación con el espacio ocupado. Este artículo se centra en los trabajos sobre remontajes óseos realizados en yacimientos del Paleolítico, y en sus aportaciones en los estudios zooarqueológicos, tafonómicos y de arqueología espacial. Palabras clave: remontajes óseos, zooarqueología, tafonomía, arqueología espacial, Paleolítico. Abstract:Bone refits can provide relevant information on zooarchaeological, taphonomical and spatial archaeology studies. In zooarchaeology they allow us, among other things, to reconstruct fractured bones, increase the percentages of anatomical and taxonomical identification of skeletal remains, and determine the number of elements identified by species (NISP), the minimum number of elements (MNE) and the minimum number of individuals (MNI); they also enable us to assess the integrity of a bone assemblage, and infer aspects of the processing of animals by humans, carnivores or other taphonomical agents. In taphonomical studies they provide us, for instance, with information on the formation processes of archaeological sites, allow us to solve stratigraphical problems, recognize horizontal/vertical

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Living and Working at Home: The Social Archaeology of Household Production and Social Relations

Hendon¹

2007

A Companion to Social Archaeology

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Location and Appropriation in the Arctic: An Integrative Zooarchaeological Approach to Historic Inuit Household Economies

Cited by 13 publications

References 44 publications

Polynyas and Ice Edge Habitats in Cultural Context : Archaeological Perspectives from Southeast Baffin Island

Polynyas and Ice Edge Habitats in Cultural Context : Archaeological Perspectives from Southeast Baffin Island

Aportaciones De Los Remontajes Óseos en Los Estudios Zooarqueológicos, Tafonómicos Y De Arqueología Espacial

Living and Working at Home: The Social Archaeology of Household Production and Social Relations

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