Long duration anaesthesia in pigs with an infusion of alfaxalone and dexmedetomidine

Kat, Irving; Ahern, Benjamin J.; Dhanani, Jayesh; Whitten, Grant; Cowling, Nicholas; Goodwin, Wendy

doi:10.1002/vms3.953

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Alfaxalone has been used in pigs to induce and maintain anesthesia with minimal cardiovascular effects [31,53]. A combination of alfaxalone and dexmedetomidine can be used to maintain long-duration total intravenous anesthesia in pigs [32,53].…”

Section: Alfaxalonementioning

confidence: 99%

Pig Sedation and Anesthesia for Medical Research

Costea,

Ene,

Pavel

2023

Preprint

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Anesthesia ensures the welfare of the animal, enables safe and effective procedures, and allows accurate data collection [1]. In clinical veterinary practice, proper training and expertise in anesthesia administration and monitoring are essential. Pigs are commonly used in medical and scientific research as models for studying various aspects of human health, physiology, and disease due to their physiological and anatomical similarities to humans [2–4]. Pigs are suitable experimental animals for many surgery techniques because they are similar in size to humans and have a short reproductive cycle. This makes them ideal for research concerning organ transplantation, cardiovascular surgery, and other procedures that require a large animal model. Pigs also have a similar anatomy to humans, which makes them a good choice for studying diseases and developing new treatments [5]. Sedation and premedication should be administered at the lowest dose to be effective with predictable results and reduced adverse effects, to ensure the safety of both the animal and the team involved in the procedure, with a fast onset and optimizing the induction and maintenance of anesthesia. The goal of induction is to achieve a safe and effective level of anesthesia that ensures the patient's safety and facilitates the research. Most of the time, inhalation anesthesia with endotracheal intubation is the ideal choice for maintenance., allowing efficient anesthetic management. The difficulties related to the endotracheal intubation of pigs can be overcome by knowing the anatomical peculiarities related to the species and the multiple methods cited in the literature. Effective analgesia tailored to the specific procedure, the pig's condition, and individual responses to medications should complete the maintenance and recovery protocols, reducing perioperative complications.

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Section: Alfaxalonementioning

confidence: 99%

Pig Sedation and Anesthesia for Medical Research

Costea,

Ene,

Pavel

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Alfaxalonementioning

confidence: 99%

Pig Sedation and Anesthesia for Medical Research

Costea,

Ene,

Pavel

2023

Animals

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In clinical veterinary practice, proper training and expertise in anesthesia administration and monitoring are essential. Pigs are suitable experimental animals for many surgical techniques because they are similar in size to humans and have a short reproductive cycle. This makes them ideal for research concerning organ transplantation, cardiovascular surgery, and other procedures that require a large animal model. Sedation and premedication should be administered at the lowest dose to be effective with predictable results and reduced adverse effects, to ensure the safety of both the animal and the team involved in the procedure, with a fast onset and optimizing the induction and maintenance of anesthesia. The goal of induction is to achieve a safe and effective level of anesthesia that ensures patient safety and facilitates research. Most of the time, inhalation anesthesia with endotracheal intubation is the ideal choice for maintenance of anesthesia. The difficulties related to endotracheal intubation of pigs can be overcome by knowing the anatomical peculiarities. Effective analgesia tailored to the specific procedure, the pig’s condition, and individual responses to medications should complete the maintenance and recovery protocols, reducing perioperative complications.

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“…By contrast, little is known about the effects of dexmedetomidine in pigs [10]. Pig models are established and accepted as pre-clinical model [1][2][3][4][12][13][14]. In general, new medical approaches, techniques or anesthesia regimes need to be tested in pre-clinical studies before clinical application.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and validation of intravenous anesthesia with dexmedetomidine for pigs under assisted spontaneous breathing: A preclinical model of intensive care conditions

Wenzel,

Spassov,

Haberstroh

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Large animal models are frequently used to investigate new medical approaches. In most cases, animals are kept under general anesthesia and mandatory mechanical ventilation during the experiments. However, in some situations assisted spontaneous breathing is essential, e.g. when simulating conditions in a modern intensive care unit. Therefore, we established an anesthesia regime with dexmedetomidine and midazolam/ketamine in porcine models of assisted spontaneous breathing. The total intravenous anesthesia was used in lung healthy pigs, in pigs with oleic acid induced acute respiratory distress syndrome and in pigs with methacholine induced bronchopulmonary obstruction. We were able to maintain stable conditions of assisted spontaneous breathing without impairment of hemodynamic, respiratory or blood gas variables in lung healthy pigs and pigs with induced acute respiratory distress syndrome for a period of five hours and in pigs with induced bronchopulmonary obstruction for three hours. Total intravenous anesthesia containing dexmedetomidine enables stable conditions of assisted spontaneous breathing in healthy pigs, in pigs with induced acute respiratory distress syndrome and in pigs induced bronchopulmonary obstruction as models of intensive care unit conditions.

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Long duration anaesthesia in pigs with an infusion of alfaxalone and dexmedetomidine

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Pig Sedation and Anesthesia for Medical Research

Pig Sedation and Anesthesia for Medical Research

Pig Sedation and Anesthesia for Medical Research

Establishment and validation of intravenous anesthesia with dexmedetomidine for pigs under assisted spontaneous breathing: A preclinical model of intensive care conditions

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