Long non-coding RNA NBR2 suppresses the progress of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo by regulating the polarization of TAM

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) threatens the health of patients with high mortality, which lacks sensitive biomarkers for diagnosis to improve total survival. The lncRNA NBR2 is reported to be downregulated in CRC and suppresses the proliferation of CRC cells. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aimed to explore the regulatory function of the lncRNA NBR2 on tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) polarization and its consequent anti-tumor effect. Two CRC cell lines were used in this study. We found that the lncRNA NBR2, TNF-α, and HLA-DR were downregulated, and Arg-1, CD163, CD206, and IL-4 were upregulated in CRC tumors. M1 polarization was activated and M2 polarization was suppressed in NBR2-overexpressed macrophages, accompanied by increased production of inflammatory factors, decreased proliferation, and inhibited migration ability in the co-culture system of HCT-116 cells (SW480 cells) and NBR2overexpressed macrophages. The promoted proliferation and migration were observed in the coculture system of HCT-116 cells (SW480 cells) and NBR2-knockdown macrophages. The tumor growth of both HCT-116 cells and SW480 cells in the xenograft model was suppressed by coplanting NBR2-overexpressed macrophages and was facilitated by the co-planting of NBR2knockdown macrophages. The release of inflammatory factors was induced, M1 polarization was facilitated, and M2 polarization was suppressed in tumor tissues in the NBR2-overexpressed group, which were all reversed in the NBR2-knockdown group. Therefore, the lncRNA NBR2 suppressed the progression of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo by regulating TAM polarization.

Anti-Tumoral Effect and Action Mechanism of Exosomes Derived From Toxoplasma gondii-Infected Dendritic Cells in Mice Colorectal Cancer

“…Lai et al. ( 32 ) showed that the long non-coding RNA NBR2 suppressed the progression of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo by regulating the polarization of TAM. In this study, Me49-DC-Exos co-cultured with RAW264.7 cells in vitro increased the fraction of CD86 + CD206 − cells and mRNA levels of INOS and TNF-α, suggesting that Me49-DC-Exo contributes to M1 polarization.…”

The long noncoding RNA noncoding RNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD)-microRNA-496-Interleukin-33 axis affects carcinoma-associated fibroblasts-mediated gastric cancer development

“…NFs, CAFs and GC cells (AGS and SGC-7901) at the logarithmic growth stage were taken, and a cell co-culture model was established in 24-well plates by using transwell chambers (Corning, 0.4 μm in diameter) [ 24 ]. Briefly, NFs or CAFs (1 × 10 5 ) were inoculated in the upper chamber, and GC cells were seeded in 24-well plates (below the chambers) at 5 × 10 5 /well.…”

YY1-induced long non-coding RNA PSMA3 antisense RNA 1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA 214-5p to expedite the viability and restrict the apoptosis of bladder cancer cells via regulating programmed cell death-ligand 1

“…CCK-8 (Beyotime, China) was used to detect cell proliferation [ 17 ]. The BC cell lines were plated into 96-well plates (6x10 3 cells/well), and incubated for 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. Then 10 μl of CCK-8 reagent (Beyotime) was added to the plate for another 2 h. The absorbance was recorded using a microplate reader (BioTek China) at 450 nm.…”