Long non-coding RNAs: new players in cell differentiation and development

Fatica, Alessandro; Bozzoni, Irene

doi:10.1038/nrg3606

Cited by 2,631 publications

(2,153 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…[7][8][9] Different from other RNAs, the ncRNAs demonstrate their indispensable biological function mostly in gene regulation during differential process, tumorigenesis and tumor progression. 10 According to the length of non-coding RNAs, several subgroups have been classified, including short ncRNAs, mid-size ncRNAs and long ncRNAs. Long ncRNAs (>200 nucleotides in size) comprise long intervening non-coding RNA (lincRNA), transcribed ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs) and ceRNAs.…”

Section: Classification Of Circrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNA participates in the carcinogenesis and the malignant behavior of cancer

2016

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are long, non-coding RNAs that result from the non-canonical splicing of linear premRNAs. However, the characteristics and the critical role of circRNA in co-/post-transcriptional regulation were not well recognized until the "microRNA sponge" function of circRNA is discovered. Recent studies have mainly been devoted to the function of the circular RNA sponge for miR-7 (ciRS-7) and sex-determining region Y (SRY) by targeting microRNA-7 (miR-7) and microRNA-138 (miR-138), respectively. In this review, we illustrate the specific role of circRNAs in a wide variety of cancers and in regulating the biological behavior of cancers via miR-7 or miR-138 regulation. Furthermore, circRNA, together with its gene silencing ability, also shows its potential in RNA interference (RNAi) therapy by binding to target RNAs, which provides a novel perspective in cancer treatment. Thus, this review concerns the biogenesis, biological function, oncogenesis, progression and possible therapies for cancer involving circRNAs.

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Section: Classification Of Circrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNA participates in the carcinogenesis and the malignant behavior of cancer

2016

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“…Although only a small number of functional long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been well characterized to date, they seem to control major biological processes impacting cell differentiation and development [1]. Specifically, recent work suggested that a large number of lncRNAs function to epigenetically modulate gene expression through interacting with chromatin modifiers or remodelers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LncRNA Dum interacts with Dnmts to regulate Dppa2 expression during myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration

et al. 2015

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Emerging studies document the roles of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) in regulating gene expression at chromatin level but relatively less is known how they regulate DNA methylation. Here we identify an lncRNA, Dum (developmental pluripotency-associated 2 (Dppa2) Upstream binding Muscle lncRNA) in skeletal myoblast cells. The expression of Dum is dynamically regulated during myogenesis in vitro and in vivo. It is also transcriptionally induced by MyoD binding upon myoblast differentiation. Functional analyses show that it promotes myoblast differentiation and damage-induced muscle regeneration. Mechanistically, Dum was found to silence its neighboring gene, Dppa2, in cis through recruiting Dnmt1, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b. Furthermore, intrachromosomal looping between Dum locus and Dppa2 promoter is necessary for Dum/Dppa2 interaction. Collectively, we have identified a novel lncRNA that interacts with Dnmts to regulate myogenesis.

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“…Epigenetically activated HOTAIRM1 can also negatively or positively affect the expression of its neighbouring genes. Indeed, previous studies have shown that HOTAIRM1 plays key roles in myeloid differentiation by cis‐ regulating the expression of neighbouring homeobox transcription factor A (HOXA) genes 30. Thus, it is possible for H3K4me3‐activated HOTAIRM1 to contribute to the development of GBM by enhancing the expression of neighbouring HOXA1, an oncogene present in several cancers.…”

Section: Epigenetic Control Of Lncrna Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long non‐coding RNAs in brain tumours: Focus on recent epigenetic findings in glioma

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et al. 2018

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Glioma biology is a major focus in tumour research, primarily due to the aggressiveness and high mortality rate of its most aggressive form, glioblastoma. Progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms behind poor prognosis of glioblastoma, regardless of treatment approaches, has changed the classification of brain tumours after nearly 100 years of relying on anatomopathological criteria. Expanding knowledge in genetic, epigenetic and translational medicine is also beginning to contribute to further elucidating molecular dysregulation in glioma. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their main representatives, large intergenic non‐coding RNAs (lincRNAs), have recently been under scrutiny in glioma research, revealing novel mechanisms of pathogenesis and reinforcing others. Among those confirmed was the reactivation of events significant for foetal brain development and neuronal commitment. Novel mechanisms of tumour suppression and activation of stem‐like behaviour in tumour cells have also been examined. Interestingly, these processes involve lncRNAs that are present both during normal brain development and in brain malignancies and their reactivation might be explained by epigenetic mechanisms, which we discuss in detail in the present review. In addition, the review discusses the lncRNAs‐induced changes, as well as epigenetic changes that are consequential for tumour formation, affecting, in turn, the expression of various types of lncRNAs.

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Long non-coding RNAs: new players in cell differentiation and development

Cited by 2,631 publications

References 129 publications

Circular RNA participates in the carcinogenesis and the malignant behavior of cancer

Circular RNA participates in the carcinogenesis and the malignant behavior of cancer

LncRNA Dum interacts with Dnmts to regulate Dppa2 expression during myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration

Long non‐coding RNAs in brain tumours: Focus on recent epigenetic findings in glioma

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