Long noncoding RNAs have pivotal roles in chemoresistance of acute myeloid leukemia

Izadirad, Mehrdad; Jafari, Leila; James, Alva Rani; Unfried, Juan P.; Wu, Zhuo‐Xun; Chen, Zhe‐Sheng

doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.017

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Genetic and epigenetic changes can trigger aberrant DNA damage response in AML cells and induce disease progression and resistance to chemotherapy [ 66 , 67 ]. Many research studies have correlated recurrent chromosomal translocations distinctive of AML with DNA repair defects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of classic and alternative non-homologous end joining pathways in hematologic malignancies: targeting strategies for treatment

et al. 2021

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Chromosomal translocations are the main etiological factor of hematologic malignancies. These translocations are generally the consequence of aberrant DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. DSBs arise either exogenously or endogenously in cells and are repaired by major pathways, including non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ), homologous recombination (HR), and other minor pathways such as alternative end-joining (A-EJ). Therefore, defective NHEJ, HR, or A-EJ pathways force hematopoietic cells toward tumorigenesis. As some components of these repair pathways are overactivated in various tumor entities, targeting these pathways in cancer cells can sensitize them, especially resistant clones, to radiation or chemotherapy agents. However, targeted therapy-based studies are currently underway in this area, and furtherly there are some biological pitfalls, clinical issues, and limitations related to these targeted therapies, which need to be considered. This review aimed to investigate the alteration of DNA repair elements of C-NHEJ and A-EJ in hematologic malignancies and evaluate the potential targeted therapies against these pathways.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of classic and alternative non-homologous end joining pathways in hematologic malignancies: targeting strategies for treatment

et al. 2021

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“…LncRNAs are also involved in therapeutic resistance (e.g. chemo-or radiological resistance) of cancers and may thus be is potential targets to improve the treatment efficacy of cancers [38,39]. In summary, lncRNAs are important players in the development and progression of cancers, including lung cancer; the discovery and characterization of novel lncRNAs provide new platforms for the development of novel management strategies of cancers.…”

Section: Lncrna Biology and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of long non-coding RNAs in lung cancer

Cao¹,

Oyang²,

Luo³

et al. 2022

J. Cancer

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Lung cancer is the most common malignancy, being a serious threat of human lives. The incidence and mortality of lung cancer has been increasing rapidly in the past decades. Although the development of new therapeutic modes, such as target therapy, the overall survival rate of lung cancer remains low. It is urgent to advance the understanding of molecular oncology and find novel biomarkers and targets for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic prediction of lung cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein coding RNA transcripts that are more than 200 nucleotides in length. LncRNAs exert diverse biological functions by regulating gene expressions at transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels. In the past decade, it has been shown that lncRNAs are extensively involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including lung cancer. In this review, we highlighted the lncRNAs characterized in lung cancer and discussed their translational potential in lung cancer clinics.

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“…For example, it has been revealed that exosomes could establish chemoresistance in cancer cells, like HER-2 displaying exosomes could neutralize HER-2 antibody (Trastuzumab) and lead to chemoresistance in breast cancer ( 34 ). Recently, there has been an increasing interest in exosome-derived lncRNAs as factors in the development of tumor chemoresistance ( 35 ). Evidence suggests that lncRNAs transferred by exosomes may contribute to chemoresistance in other cells.…”

Section: Applications Of Exosomes In Cancer Diagnosis and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Role of Exosomes in the Treatment of Brain Tumors, Recent Updates and Advances

et al. 2022

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Exosomes are small endosomal derived membrane extracellular vesicles that contain cell-specific cargos such as lipid, protein, DNA, RNA, miRNA, long non-coding RNA, and some other cell components that are released into surrounding body fluids upon the fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVB) and the plasma membrane. Exosomes are a one-of-a-kind cell-to-cell communication mechanism that might pave the way for target therapy. The use of exosomes as a therapeutic potential in a variety of cancers has been and is still being investigated. One of the most important of these has been the use of exosomes in brain tumors therapy. Exosome contents play a crucial role in brain tumor progression by providing a favorable niche for tumor cell proliferation. Also, exosomes that are secreted from tumor cells, lead to the protection of tumor cells and their proliferation in the tumor environment by reducing the inflammatory response and suppression of the immune system. Although some treatment protocols such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are common in brain tumors, they do not result in complete remission in the treatment of some malignant and metastatic brain tumors. Identifying, targeting, and blocking exosomes involved in the progression of brain tumors could be a promising way to reduce brain tumor progression. On the other way, brain tumor therapy with effective therapeutic components such as siRNAs, mRNAs, proteins, could be developed. Finally, our research suggested that exosomes of nanoscale sizes might be a useful tool for crossing the blood-brain barrier and delivering effective content. However, further research is needed to fully comprehend the potential involvement of the exosome in brain tumor therapy protocols.

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Long noncoding RNAs have pivotal roles in chemoresistance of acute myeloid leukemia

Cited by 28 publications

References 100 publications

Involvement of classic and alternative non-homologous end joining pathways in hematologic malignancies: targeting strategies for treatment

Involvement of classic and alternative non-homologous end joining pathways in hematologic malignancies: targeting strategies for treatment

The roles of long non-coding RNAs in lung cancer

The Potential Role of Exosomes in the Treatment of Brain Tumors, Recent Updates and Advances

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