Long-period fiber grating sensor for detection of viruses

Immunosensor Based on Long-Period Fiber Gratings for Detection of Viruses Causing Gastroenteritis

“…Each time a significant shift of the resonance wavelength versus noise for 1 ng/mL of added VLP was obtained, and the results are in agreement. Spectral changes observed for VLPs detection were comparable with those obtained for bacteriophage detection with an LPFG sensor [27]. We observed a decrease in sensitivity for higher norovirus VLP concentrations, indicating a possible saturation of receptors with VLPs ( Figure 5B).…”

“…The LPFGs with the grating period Λ = 226.8 µm were written in a 5-cm-long section of hydrogen-loaded Corning SMF-28e fiber according to [27]. During the fabrication process, the optical transmission of the fiber was monitored (Yokogawa AQ6370B spectrum analyzer and Leukos SM30 supercontinuum white light laser).…”

“…Due to slightly lower RI sensitivity of LPFG sensor used for selectivity measurements, the shift for 10 ng/mL norovirus VLP was lower than in the case of previous measurements, but it was still reasonably large. The LPFG sensor can be reused after the regeneration process, as described in [27].…”

“…In addition to high sensitivity, the LPFG does not introduce any additional insertion losses or reflections. LPFG sensors may offer very high RI sensitivity and have already been used as biosensors for the detection of proteins [19][20][21], nucleic acids [22,23], bacteria [24][25][26], and bacteriophages [27]. The main advantages of LPFG biosensors are the real-time and label-free operation, possible miniaturization, and remote sensing capabilities.…”

Transmission line method for the simulation of fiber Bragg gratings

“…More important however, is their use as sensors as they exhibit many and important advantages over traditional electrical sensors, offering high precision, stability over time, immunity to electromagnetic interference, support for long range detection, suitability for use in explosive environments, and inherently offering multiplexed sensing via a single fiber-optic channel [6][7][8]. Because of their advantages they are applied in a wide variety of fields such as industrial automation, energy, automotive, aerospace, security and even medicine [9][10]. The use of FBG allows measurements of physical quantities and parameters such as mechanical stresses, displacement, pressure and temperature change [4].…”