Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed and Regional Nutrient Water Quality Data

Lerch, Robert N.; Kitchen, Newell R.; Baffaut, Claire; Vories, Earl D.

doi:10.2134/jeq2013.12.0518

Cited by 25 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The lack of research on this topic is largely due to the complexity of the mechanisms controlling N dynamics. Although most N losses from agricultural fields are typically associated with nitrate leaching and ammonia volatilization (Burkart and James, 1999; Lerch et al, 2015), the contribution of N in runoff has only recently being recognized as an important pathway of N transport (Pote et al, 2003; Diaz et al, 2010; Kibet et al, 2016). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Runoff and Leachate Phosphorus and Nitrogen Losses from Grass‐Vegetated Soil Boxes Amended with Biosolids and Fertilizer

Silveira

O’Connor

et al. 2019

J of Env Quality

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Recent evidence suggests an upward trend in surface water phosphorus (P) concentrations in many segments of Florida, including the upper basin of the St. Johns River, a region that currently receives about two‐thirds of the state Class B biosolids land application. Concerns about water quality in this area are encouraging reexamination of the regulations governing biosolids programs. The objectives of this study were (i) to identify and thoroughly characterize the main biosolids sources routinely applied in the region, and (ii) to evaluate runoff and leachate N and P losses from a typical Florida Spodosol amended with biosolids or commercial inorganic fertilizer. Biosolids and inorganic fertilizer were surface applied uniformly at a rate equivalent to ∼114 kg P ha−1, which corresponded to a typical P load associated with nitrogen (N)‐based biosolids application. Soluble reactive P (SRP) was the predominant form of P lost in runoff and leachate. Inorganic P fertilizer increased flow‐weighted runoff total P concentrations nearly 60‐fold relative to control treatment (0.4 vs. 22 mg P L−1 for control and fertilizer treatments, respectively). With exception of biological P removal (BPR) biosolids, all other tested biosolids yielded flow‐weighted runoff P concentrations similar to untreated soils. Cumulative P and N losses (as a percentage of P and N applied) were greater from commercial inorganic fertilizer (∼38% of P and 46% of N) than any biosolids source (3% of P and 6% of N). Results demonstrate the value of water‐extractable P (WEP) as an indicator of biosolids P loss potential. Core Ideas Biosolids presented a lower risk of P and N losses than inorganic fertilizer. Nitrogen and P lability varies significantly depending on the biosolids treatment process. Data supported the usefulness of water‐extractable P as an indicator of biosolids P loss potential. More field research is warranted to understand nutrient dynamics in biosolids‐amended soils.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Runoff and Leachate Phosphorus and Nitrogen Losses from Grass‐Vegetated Soil Boxes Amended with Biosolids and Fertilizer

Silveira

O’Connor

et al. 2019

J of Env Quality

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“…1-4). The nutrient data are documented by Lerch et al (2015). Descriptions of the geophysical setting and the anthropomorphic history of the SRB and GCEW are provided in Sadler et al (2015).…”

Section: Site Descriptions and Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to studies assessing surface transport, 97 wells installed within the glacial aquifer of GCEW were monitored for herbicide concentrations ( Fig. 4; Supplemental Table S2 in Lerch et al, 2015).…”

Section: Site Descriptions and Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From 1991 to 2010, up to 1500 groundwater samples were analyzed for at least one herbicide (Table 1). Additional details about the wells, including sampling frequency, specific locations, and depth below the land surface, are reported by Lerch et al (2015). Since 1992, precipitation samples have been collected at the Field 1 site.…”

Section: Sites Within Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed and Regional Herbicide Water Quality Data

et al. 2015

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Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed (GCEW) has been the focus area of a long-term effort to document the extent of and to understand the factors controlling herbicide transport. We document the datasets generated in the 20-yr-long research effort to study the transport of herbicides to surface and groundwater in the GCEW. This long-term effort was augmented with a spatially broad effort within the Central Mississippi River Basin encompassing 12 related claypan watersheds in the Salt River Basin, two cave streams on the fringe of the Central Claypan Areas in the Bonne Femme watershed, and 95 streams in northern Missouri and southern Iowa. Details of the analytical methods, periods of record, number of samples, study locations, and means of accessing these data are provided. In addition, a brief overview of significant findings is presented. A key finding was that near-surface restrictive soil layers, such as argillic horizons of smectitic mineralogy, result in greater herbicide transport than soils with high percolation and low clay content. Because of this, streams in the claypan soil watersheds of northeastern Missouri have exceptionally high herbicide concentrations and relative loads compared with other areas of the Corn Belt.

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“…Ghidey et al (2005, 2010) used plot‐ and field‐scale data to evaluate cropping system effects on flow and herbicide transport. Stream flow data have been used to develop pollutant exports for various catchment sizes (Baffaut et al, 2013; Lerch et al, 2015a, 2015b), which then have been used to assess temporal trends in water quality (Lerch et al, 2011b; O'Donnell, 2012; Sadler et al, 2012) and the effects of land use (Lerch et al, 2011a) on herbicide and nutrient transport. Modeling efforts included parameterization of the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) (Ghidey et al, 1999), the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) (Baffaut et al, 2015), and the Agricultural Policy/Environmental Extender (APEX) (Mudgal et al, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed Flow Data

2015

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Flow monitoring in Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed started in 1971 at three nested watersheds ranging from 12 to 73 km 2 . Since then, runoff or stream flow has been measured at 14 plots, three fields, and 12 additional stream sites ranging from 0.0034 to 6067 km 2 in the Central Mississippi River Basin. Longterm data sets are important to document the changes resulting from anthropogenic and natural drivers. The data set presented here documents discharge across a range of catchment sizes in an area known for its high runoff potential. It constitutes the flow database of the Central Mississippi River Basin site of the Long-Term Agricultural Research network. Like the other sites of this network, data are accessible through the STEWARDS web interface (www.nrrig.mwa.ars.usda.gov/stewards/stewards. html). Here we (i) describe the data collection methods, (ii) document the data available at plot, field, and watershed scales, and (iii) provide the main characteristics of discharge. General characteristics of discharge per unit area for different cropping system management systems show that in this claypan soil setting, management and tillage of row crop systems do not affect surface flow during the growing season (April-October). Data from fields and stream sites show the dampening of peak flow values and lengthening of storm hydrographs caused by mixed land uses and longer times of concentration. Overall, stream flow accounts for a third of the precipitation, of which 80% is from surface runoff and 20% is from groundwater. Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed Flow DataClaire Baffaut,* E. John Sadler, and Fessehaie Ghidey S tream flow is affected by short-and long-term, natural (droughts or floods) and anthropogenic (land use and land cover changes, water withdrawals) factors. Increasing strain is being put on water resources, including more frequent droughts and floods, decreasing water quality, and increasing withdrawals for human consumption and agriculture. Correspondingly, there is a need for continued hydrologic studies in many regions of the world to improve our understanding of the hydrologic cycle and the impact of the different stressors (Gordon et al., 2008).

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Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed and Regional Nutrient Water Quality Data

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Runoff and Leachate Phosphorus and Nitrogen Losses from Grass‐Vegetated Soil Boxes Amended with Biosolids and Fertilizer

Runoff and Leachate Phosphorus and Nitrogen Losses from Grass‐Vegetated Soil Boxes Amended with Biosolids and Fertilizer

Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed and Regional Herbicide Water Quality Data

Long-Term Agroecosystem Research in the Central Mississippi River Basin: Goodwater Creek Experimental Watershed Flow Data

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