“…23,48,72,74 The second generation of heart valves treated by zero to low pressure fixation (e.g., the Hancock II porcine valve, Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis, MN, and the Carpentier-Edwards Perimount TM , Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA), have been implanted in patients for more than two decades with minimal problem. 27,36,109 Alternatively, third generation of heart valves such as Carpentier-Edwards Magna model of the Perimount TM pericardial prosthesis (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) and the Mosaic porcine valve (Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN) have only been implanted for approximately 13 years. 34,73,133,134 , making it too early to determine their durability compared to older generations.…”