Long term performance and ageing of CsI photocathodes for the ALICE/HMPID detector

Hoedlmoser, H.; Braem, A.; Cataldo, G. de; Davenport, M.; Mauro, A. Di; Franco, A.; Gallas, A.; Martinengo, P.; Nappi, E.; Piuz, F.; Schyns, E.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2007.01.101

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The flux of ions to the photocathodes, integrated over the considered period, is smaller than 10 µC/cm 2 , corresponding to less than 1% of the flux reported in literature [17,18] to cause significant QE reduction.…”

Section: Jinst 9 C09011mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The CsI coating of the photocathodes (see figure 15) was performed at CERN, and dedicated tools and procedures were developed for the transport and handling of the photocathodes (see figure 16), in order to avoid exposure to air, in particular to water vapour, which would result in a degradation of the quantum efficiency. [17,18] During all phases of the handling and storage they were kept in a controlled atmosphere with O 2 level below 50 ppm and flushed with clean, dry gas.…”

Section: Jinst 9 C09011mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long term experience and performance of COMPASS RICH-1

et al. 2014

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JINST 9 C09011ABSTRACT: COMPASS RICH-1 is a large size gaseous Imaging Cherenkov Detector providing hadron identification in the range from 3 to 55 GeV/c, in the wide acceptance spectrometer of the COMPASS Experiment at CERN SPS.It uses a 3 m long C 4 F 10 radiator, a 21 m 2 large VUV mirror surface and two kinds of photon detectors: MAPMTs and MWPCs with CsI photocathodes, covering a total of 5.5 m 2 . It is in operation since 2002 and its performance increased thanks to progressive optimization and to a major upgrade of its photon detection system, implemented in 2006; a new upgrade is foreseen for 2016, with the use of MPGD-based photon detectors.The main characteristics of COMPASS RICH-1 components are described and the most critical aspects related to the C 4 F 10 radiator gas system, to the mirrors and their alignment, as well as the performance of the photon detectors are presented and discussed. The response of the MWPCs and the observed evolution of the effective quantum efficiency of the CsI photocathodes is analyzed. The properties and performance of the MAPMTs with individual fused lens telescopes are presented together with the readout characteristics. The PID performance of COMPASS RICH-1 is discussed and the future upgrade program is mentioned.

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Section: Jinst 9 C09011mentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Jinst 9 C09011mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long term experience and performance of COMPASS RICH-1

et al. 2014

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“…The CsI ageing properties have been thoroughly investigated [19][20][21][22]; no QE degradation due to ion bombardment is observed up to an accumulated charge of 0.2 mC/cm 2 , which allows up to $5-10 years (depending on accelerator running efficiency) of stable response for particle and photon fluxes of $ 10 Hz/cm 2 and operation at moderate gain (below $ 5 Â 10 4 ). After several years of running, all detectors have shown a consistent behavior, with no or negligible QE decrease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status and perspectives of gaseous photon detectors

Mauro

2014

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…Amongst solid phase UV photosensitive materials best known CsIreceived attention because it is solid at room temperature and can be handled for a short exposure time in air [16]. Although, its QE is lower than TMAE by a factor of 2 [17], its QE decreases under exposure to humidity, intense photon flux and ion bombardment at photocathode surface [18,19] it hasbeen utilized in a variety of experiments [20]. The ageing properties of CsI [21] photocathodes allow us to continue our search for locating new low IP compounds having better ageing properties as compared to CsI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%