Longitudinal PTSD symptom trajectories: Relative contributions of state anxiety, depression, and emotion dysregulation

Rooney, Emily A.; Hallauer, Caleb J.; Xie, Hong; Shih, Chia-Hao; Rapport, Daniel J.; Elhai, Jon D.; Wang, Xin

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.078

Journal of Affective Disorders

2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.078

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Longitudinal PTSD symptom trajectories: Relative contributions of state anxiety, depression, and emotion dysregulation

Emily A. Rooney

Caleb J. Hallauer

Hong Xie

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Supplementary Discussion provides more detailed interpretation of post hoc analyses of PTSD symptoms using the PCL-5. Supplementary References that appear in the supplement in addition to those in the manuscript [ 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 150 , 151 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 , 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Predicting Fear Extinction in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Lewis,

Webb,

Kuhn

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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Fear extinction is the basis of exposure therapies for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but half of patients do not improve. Predicting fear extinction in individuals with PTSD may inform personalized exposure therapy development. The participants were 125 trauma-exposed adults (96 female) with a range of PTSD symptoms. Electromyography, electrocardiogram, and skin conductance were recorded at baseline, during dark-enhanced startle, and during fear conditioning and extinction. Using a cross-validated, hold-out sample prediction approach, three penalized regressions and conventional ordinary least squares were trained to predict fear-potentiated startle during extinction using 50 predictor variables (5 clinical, 24 self-reported, and 21 physiological). The predictors, selected by penalized regression algorithms, were included in multivariable regression analyses, while univariate regressions assessed individual predictors. All the penalized regressions outperformed OLS in prediction accuracy and generalizability, as indexed by the lower mean squared error in the training and holdout subsamples. During early extinction, the consistent predictors across all the modeling approaches included dark-enhanced startle, the depersonalization and derealization subscale of the dissociative experiences scale, and the PTSD hyperarousal symptom score. These findings offer novel insights into the modeling approaches and patient characteristics that may reliably predict fear extinction in PTSD. Penalized regression shows promise for identifying symptom-related variables to enhance the predictive modeling accuracy in clinical research.

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confidence: 99%

Predicting Fear Extinction in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Lewis,

Webb,

Kuhn

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Longitudinal studies in this area are scarce (Bardeen et al, 2013;Boden et al, 2013), and, in addition to being subject to memory decay/distortion and heuristic (e.g., availability) bias (Shiffman et al, 2008;Stone & Shiffman, 1994;Stone et al, 2007)-particularly relevant to investigation of emotions (Shiffman et al, 2008)-do not allow for identification of proximal reinforcers. Nonetheless, early prospective findings suggest that emotion dysregulation and PTSD symptoms may reciprocally influence one another (e.g., Bardeen et al, 2013;Rooney et al, 2022;Weiss, Walsh, et al, 2019). For instance, Bardeen et al (2013) examined emotion dysregulation and PTSD symptoms at three time-points: prior to a mass shooting (T1), in the acute aftermath of the shooting (T2), and approximately eight months after the shooting (T3).…”

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confidence: 99%

Micro-Longitudinal Examination of Emotion Dysregulation and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms among Community Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence: Modeling Reciprocal Relationships Using Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling

Weiss¹,

Raudales²,

Contractor³

et al. 2023

JEmotionPsychopathol

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Research examining emotion dysregulation and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has seen tremendous growth over the past decade. However, past investigations have almost exclusively relied on cross-sectional designs and have neglected to consider the potential role of dysregulation stemming from positive emotions. The current study utilized rigorous methodology (experience sampling) and statistics (dynamic structural equation modeling) to explicate daily reciprocal associations between negative and positive emotion dysregulation and PTSD symptoms. Participants were 145 community women (M age = 40.66, 40.7% white) experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) and using substances who participated in a baseline interview and then completed surveys three times a day for 30 days. Results at the between-person level showed that women who reported higher negative and positive emotion dysregulation also reported more PTSD symptoms. At the within-person level, findings supported a significant contemporaneous effect between positive emotion dysregulation and PTSD symptoms. Further, there was a significant cross-lagged effect from negative emotion dysregulation to next-interval PTSD symptoms. Results suggest that positive emotion dysregulation co-occurs with PTSD symptoms and that negative emotion dysregulation predicts PTSD symptoms. Findings provide additional support for the utility of addressing both negative and positive emotion dysregulation in the treatment of PTSD among women experiencing IPV.

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Psychological effects of the earthquake disaster in Türkiye: a serial mediating model

Kocyigit,

Ceco,

Satici

et al. 2024

Curr Psychol

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Longitudinal PTSD symptom trajectories: Relative contributions of state anxiety, depression, and emotion dysregulation

Cited by 6 publications

References 57 publications

Predicting Fear Extinction in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Predicting Fear Extinction in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Micro-Longitudinal Examination of Emotion Dysregulation and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms among Community Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence: Modeling Reciprocal Relationships Using Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling

Psychological effects of the earthquake disaster in Türkiye: a serial mediating model

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