“…8 Backfilling mining technology is a well-known technique for controlling surface deformation widely used in China and other Asian countries, 9 Poland, 10,11 and Australia [12][13][14][15] ; it solves the problem of gangue accumulation, 16,17 improves the resource recovery rate, 18,19 controls surface subsidence, 2,20 and protects buildings from collapse damage. 16,22 Furthermore, the bed separation zone grout injection technique, one type of partial filling technology, has rapidly developed. 23 These methods consist of gob filling, 24,25 bed separation zone grout injection, 12,13,22,24 piercolumn backfilling, 4,23 and caving zone filling.…”