Los i-memes como medio de participación ciudadana en las relaciones diplomáticas a partir de un estudio de caso: #PERDÓNESPAÑA

Abstract

En el presente artículo demuestra cómo los i-memes son utilizados por los usuarios para transmitir opiniones y posiciones en temas de diplomacia. A partir del estudio de caso de la controversia suscitada entre México y España, después de las declaraciones en redes sociales del actual presidente mexicano, en las que urgía al rey de España a pedir perdón, por los daños causados durante la conquista de México, se analizan los memes encontrados en diversas plataformas como: Google, Twitter, Facebook y Whatsapp.
 Se concluye que los memes de internet se han convertido en un elemento fundamental de los procesos comunicativos del siglo XXI, siendo su estudio esencial para entender cómo funciona la opinión pública en la sociedad en red.

Humor in Times of COVID-19 in Spain: Viewing Coronavirus Through Memes Disseminated via WhatsApp

“…Based on this general definition, the term internet meme or “i-meme” ( Romero de Vara, 2020 ) has become popular to refer to the specific cultural unit that comes to life through the internet. The very nature of the internet, which allows information to be shared on a global scale in seconds, has contributed to the vast worldwide dissemination that memes have achieved today.…”

“…There are many authors who have written on the characteristics of memes ( Vélez Herrera, 2012 ; Coscia, 2013 ; Ballesteros, 2016 ; Alarcón, 2017 ; Ruiz Martínez, 2018 ; Romero de Vara, 2020 ) and this serves as a reference for this study. Here is a list of characterizing elements that have been established for memes:…”

“…Viral phenomenon: faithful copies of the i-meme replicated and shared easily ( Romero de Vara, 2020 ). Large-scale and fast replication.…”

“…This article presents a descriptive-interpretative study on the way the Spanish viewed Coronavirus using memes disseminated via WhatsApp. It follows a qualitative methodology with a digital ethnographic approach and socio-cultural perspective ( Hine, 2004 , 2005 ; Ardèvol and Gómez, 2012 ; Ballesteros, 2016 ; Romero de Vara, 2020 ). First, a case study ( Yin, 1989 ) is carried out examining the behavior of those involved in the study when sharing and receiving memes.…”

“…This subject matter is explored using a qualitative methodology and ethnographic fieldwork and the memes are categorized to reveal which fears, concerns and experiences regarding the Coronavirus crisis were addressed humorously. Romero de Vara (2020) says that it is possible to analyze a specific event through memes. In the last decade there has been a trend in research and studies in the fields of Sociology, Psychology, Education, Audiovisual Communication, Semiotics, Political and Cultural Studies, among others, centered on i-memes that support the type of study presented in this article.…”