Low band gap dyes based on 2-styryl-5-phenylazo-pyrrole: Synthesis and application for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells

Solvent and structural effects on the spectral shifts of 5-(substituted phenylazo)-3-cyano-6-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-2-pyridones

“…They find application in the textile dyeing, cosmetics, food industries and optical recordings [1,2], as well as in the scientific research. In the last few years, azo dyes are recognized to be efficient dye-sensitized solar cells [3]. Azo compounds have also been subjects of medical and biological studies [4,5].…”

Characteristics of nanostructure dye-sensitized solar cells using food dyes

“…Azo dyes account for approximately 60-70% of all synthesized dyes utilized in food industry [18]. On the other hand, azo dyes have applications such as reversible optical storage media, optical switches, electro− −optic modulators and chemical sensors [11]. Recently, more attention has been directed to the application of azo dyes in photovoltaic devices because not only they do not cost much but also they have relatively facile dye synthesis and chemical stability [11,19].…”

“…On the other hand, azo dyes have applications such as reversible optical storage media, optical switches, electro− −optic modulators and chemical sensors [11]. Recently, more attention has been directed to the application of azo dyes in photovoltaic devices because not only they do not cost much but also they have relatively facile dye synthesis and chemical stability [11,19]. Table 2 shows the wavelength of maximum absorption (l max ) together with dimethylformamide (DMF) solution for each individual dye, as well as the corresponding l max on nano TiO 2 films in the presence and absence of anti− −aggregation agent.…”

“…The con− version efficiency of solar cells containing azo dyes is usu− ally higher than 2%. For example three organic dyes with various substituents as the electron donors and carboylic acid as the electron acceptor were prepared by Mikroyan− nidis et al [11]. These organic dyes were then utilized as photosensitizers in DSSCs with conversion efficiencies of 4.17%, 3.26% and 2.59%, respectively.…”

“…Mikroyannidis et al investi− gated the application of three new azo dyes in DSSCs. The results show that the overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the DSSCs are 2.59% -4.17% for a synthesized azo dye [11]. Mahmood et al designed a series of azo dyes for DSSCs.…”