Low-dose fish oil supplementation increases serum adiponectin without affecting inflammatory markers in overweight subjects

The Effect of Low-Dose Marine n-3 Fatty Acids on Plasma Levels of sCD36 in Overweight Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

“…There was no alteration in the content of saturated fatty acids neither within nor between the n -3 group and the control group (Table 2). These results have previously been published [22]. …”

Omega-3 fatty acids and adipose tissue function in obesity and metabolic syndrome

“…A growing body of evidence indicates that in vivomarine origin n-3 PUFAs treatment leads to an upregulation of adiponectin (circulating levels and/or adipose mRNA) in both rodents [55,72,118] and humans [119,120]. In this sense, replacement of dietary lipids (6-15%) in the form of n-3 PUFAs concentrate for 5 weeks increased adiponectin circulating levels in HFDfed mice [118] and adiponectin expression in both, HFD-fed mice [118] and ob/ob mice [55].…”

n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Mechanisms to Mitigate Inflammatory Paracrine Signaling in Obesity-Associated Breast Cancer

“…Specifically, n -3 PUFA modulate the production of AT-derived adipokines by increasing anti-inflammatory adiponectin levels [27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35], while decreasing production of inflammatory mediators such as leptin [36,37,38,39] and cytokines including TNFα, IL-6 and MCP-1 [29,35,40,41]. Moreover, dietary n -3 PUFA have been found to reverse and/or improved obesity-associated hepatic steatosis and impairments in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity [27,28,29,35,62,63,64].…”

“…Furthermore, dietary n -3 PUFA improve the obesity-associated inflammatory secretory profile, in part, by increasing adiponectin levels [27,28,29,30,31,35,63]. In human clinical trials, dietary n -3 PUFA have been shown to increase adiponectin levels [32,33,34] in obese and overweight subjects, thereby demonstrating the potential utility of n -3 PUFA to stimulate the effects of this anti-inflammatory adipokine in obesity. Considering the anti-tumorigenic effects of adiponectin and the ability of n -3 PUFA to restore adiponectin function in obesity [27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,63], further research initiatives should be undertaken to determine the utility of n -3 PUFA in mitigating obesity-associated BC inflammation and tumor production.…”

“…The inflammatory mammary tumor microenvironment should not be confused with “inflammatory breast cancer” (IBC), a rare (1%–6% of all breast malignancies) aggressive BC subtype with higher grade metastatic hormone receptor negative tumors that has been reviewed elsewhere [25,26]. Moreover, we provide evidence that dietary long-chain (LC) n -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), particularly fish oil (marine)-derived eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n -3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n 3), which have well established anti-inflammatory effects in obesity [27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41] and anti-carcinogenic effects in BC [42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56], may represent an effective complementary approach in the prevention and/or treatment of obesity-associated BC by attenuating inflammatory adipokine-mediated paracrine interactions within the mammary tumor microenvironment.…”